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TiiE Nation's Gpital 







dx SOUTBERS ©MMERCIAL CONGRESS 

WASHI N eTO N.D.C 




umOT* STATldff. mSHI-N6T0K;i>^. 



WASHINGTON SAN FRANCISCO 

THE EXTREMES OF A GREAT LINE 
WASHINGTON SUNSET ROUTE 

Contributing Daily to Washington's Development 

Its Nose in the National Capital, 
Its Feet in the Pacific Ocean. 

Longest Route in the World under one Management. 
Highest type Standard Sleeping Cars, 
Club and Library-Club Observation Cars. 

Personally Conducted Tourist Sleeping Cars, 
Without change, daily except Sunday. 

Lower berth, $9.00; Upper, $7.20. 

Dining Cars supplied from Best Markets of the World. 
California, Hawaii, Japan, China, Philippines, 
Around the World. 



905 F St. N.W. 



} 



A. J. POSTON, 

General Agent 




To the Housekeepers of the Di^rid: of Columbia 

Have Your Green Groceries 

DELIVERED IN SEALED CARTONS 

BY OUR SPECIAL AUTOMOBILE TRUCKS 

Packed by the Grower on the Farm 

Farmer and Housekeeper Eliminate Middle- 
man and SAVE ONE-THIRD of Cost of 
Essentials. No Dust or Grit on 
Berries, Lettuce and Perish- 
able Goods 

One of Your Neighbors will collect your Order 

Blanks that will give you Strictly Fresh Green 

Groceries that have not been handled 

1^^ See Prices on Woman's Page of Every Washington Daily 



Fresh and Salt Meats of all Kinds. Fresh and Salt Fish. 
Oysters and Clams of best quality delivered to our Customers. 

Also Cream in half-pint and pint Jars. 

Fresh Bread, Rolls, Coffee, Rolls and Buns delivered in time 
for breakfast in our Locked Delivery Boxes, of which our Custo- 
mers have the keys. 

Fully illustrated Booklet, shov^ing CARTONS, and fully ex- 
plaining our delivery system which saves our Customers 30 to 40 
per cent, on food supplies mailed on receipt of a two-cent stamp. 



PEPPER & SALT CO.. Washington. D.C 

Executive Offices 618 Riggs BIdg., G & 15th Sts.N.W. 

TELEPHONES MAIN 3082-3083 



CONTENTS. 

PAGE. 

The Southern Commercial Congress 6_11 

Centennial Celebration and the Park Commission Plan 12 

Washington's Ideal City I5 

The Dark Ages j^ 

Shepherd's Improvements I3 

Execution of the Park Commissions Plan 19-23 

A New Washington Built 24-26 

Twelve Years Building 27 

Real Estate Value Doul)lcs 28 

The Future City 30-33 

Government and Taxation 34-35 

Educational Institutions 36-43 

Financial Importance 44-47 

The City's Industries 49-54 

Commercial Enterprise 55-60 

The Convention City 61-63 

Civic Organizations 53 

Food Supply 54_55 

The Model City 66-67 

Statues^ 70.73 

Embassies and Legations ']Tf 

The American Commission 74 

The Fifth Annual Convention, Mol)ile, 1913 75 

A Brief Guide to the City 76-86 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 

Audits 125 

Banks, Bankers and Trust Companies 139-143 

Building, Contracting, Mill Work 91-94, 102-103, 143 

Educational Institutions 108-119 

Electrical Supplies 103, 107 

Engravers 107, 134 

Hotels, Restaurants 128-134 

Insurance 135-138 

Manufacturers, Wholesale Houses . . . 88-90, 99, 100-107, 118-123, 143, cover 

Office Buildings 141 

Photographic Reproductions, photo, supplies 100, 122 

Real Estate, Investments 89, 92, 93, 140, 143, 144 

Retail Merchants 100, 105-107. 116, 118, 119, 121, 123-127, 143 

Sanitariums 119, 128 

Sight-Seeing Automobiles 97 

Storage 121-122 

Transportation Companies cover, 87, 95-98 



tShe 

New Washington 

An Illu^rated Description 
of 

The National Capital 

As It Is, and, as Every 
Patriotic American Wishes 
It to Be, the Mo^ Beautiful 
Capital City in the World 




Designed Especially for the Information of Visitors to 

Washington and those who Wish to be Informed 

About Their National City 



BY GEORGE H. GALL 



Copyright, 1913, George H. Gall 
PUBLISHED BY 

THE SOUTHERN COMMERCIAL CONGRESS 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
1913 



cop 



.]- 



Executive 
icer^ 

Tf|e §out}]ern 

Commercia' 

Congresj 




tioo. David T^. Francis 
l^r^f Vice-President; 



4 




Pr Clarence] 

Owens Cbas.A.Dougla^ 

Hana^ing Director General 

Counsel. 



on.Thi^05.S.§outhgate 
Second Vice-President 




William^. 
Saunders 
Trea^.urer 






FOREWORD 

The Southern Commercial Congress issues this booklet for the purpose of putting 
into the hands of visitors and others a concise description of the Capital City of 
the United States. Washington was chosen as the permanent home of the Congress 
because it is the heart of the nation whose people the Congress would interest in 
the South. 

Washington is the onlj- city in the United States in which every American is 
directly interested and in which he may equally claim a share. The Constitution of 
the United States vests in Congress exclusive jurisdiction over the Federal City. 
The voter in Atlanta or New Orleans or any other city in the country casts a vote 
for a man who will share in making laws for the government of the District of 
Columbia just as he will share in framing legislation that will affect the people of his 
own Congressional district. The privilege of voting imposes the duty of intelligent 
interest in the community. 

The Southern Commercial Congress, therefore, desires to arouse in the American 
people an interest in their common city to the end that through awakened interest 
Washington shall presently become the greatest and most beautiful capital of what 
is already the greatest and wealthiest nation of the earth. 

Washington even now is fast approaching that proud position. In the following 
pages it is the purpose to show to what extent the city has developed, to state some 
of its problems for the consideration of American citizens and voters, and to show 
some of the important forward steps provided for the city's immediate future. 

While there is no attempt in the following pages to usurp the functions of a 
"Guide to Washington," there is included information for the ready guidance of the 
visitor to the National Capital. 

G. H. G. 

Washington, Tune 1, 1913. 

*'FOR A GREATER NATION THROUGH A GREATER SOUTH" 

The Southern Commercial Congress 

Southern Building, Washington, D* C* 



ORGANIZED DEC. 8, 190S 



INCORPORATED JULY 21, 1911 



EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 
DUNCAN U. FLETCHER DAVID R. FRANCIS T. S. SOUTHGATE 

President First Vice-President Second Vice-President 

CLARENCE J. OWENS WILLIAM H. SAUNDERS CHAS. A. DOUGLAS 
Managing Director Resident Director General Counsel 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 



A. P. BUSH, Jr., 

Mobile, Ala. 
JOHN L. KAUL, 

Birmingham, Ala. 
C. R. BRECKINRIDGE, 

Fort Sm.ith, Ark. 
HON. DUNCAN U. FLETCHER, 

Jacksonville, Fla. 
T. A. JENNINGS, 

Pensacola, Fla. 
HA'RVIE JORDAN, 

Atlanta, Ga. 
ASA G. CANDLER, 

Atlanta, Ga. 
GEN. BENNETT H. YOUNG, 

Louisville, Ky. 
JOHN M. PARKER. 

New Orleans, La. 
DR. OSCAR DOWLING, 

Shreveport. La. 
CHARLES CARROLL, 

Ellicott City, Md. 
CLARENCE J. OWENS, 

Riverdale Park, Md. 
CHAS. SCOTT, 

Rosedale, Miss. 

MAJ. :r. w. millsaps, 

Tackson, Miss. 
HON. DAVID R. FRANCIS, 
St. Louis. Mo. 



GEORGE W. SIMMONS, 

St. Louis. Mo. 
CHAS. N. EVANS, 

Wilmington, N. C. 
HON. R. L. OWEN, 

Muskogee, Okla. 
LEWIS W. PARKER, 

Greenville, S. C, 
R. I. MANNING, 

Sumter, S. C. 
LELAND HUME, 

Nashville, Tenn. 
J. ALLEN SMITH, 

Knoxville, Tenn. 
COL. HENRY EXALL, 

Dallas, Texas. 
ADOLPH BOLDT. 

Houston, Texas. 
T. S. SOUTHGATE. 

Norfolk, Va. 
E. B. WHITE, 

Leesburg, Va. 
ROY B. NAYLOR, 

Wheeling, W. Va. 
WILLIAM H. SAUNDERS, 

Washington, D. C. 
CHAS. A. DOUGLAS, 

Washington, D. C. 
G. GROSVENOR DAWE, 

Washington, D. C. 



The Southern Commercial Congress 

Its Origin, Its Purpose, and Its Work. 



The Southern Commercial Congress is no more commercial 
than it is industrial; no more industrial than agricultural; no 
more agricultural than educational. It is all of these and more, 
too ; for it is the name of the movement intended to weld 
into one irresistible confidence all the scattered efforts that 
are being made throughout all the South to utilize resources, 
improve conditions, and fittingly announce the advantages of 
the South to the world. 

The Southern Commercial Congress is not in business, and 
yet it is a promoter of business. It is not interested in any edu- 
cational institution, j^et it promotes education. It has not a 
square foot of land to sell, yet it is creating a demand for land. 
It does not publish a periodical, yet its influence through the 
printed page has grown by leaps and bounds. It is not a na- 
tional advertiser, yet its work will shortly prompt a widespread 
and compelling outburst of Southern municipal and real estate 
advertising. It is not the name of an annual meeting, yet it 
holds annual meetings as part of its work. 

The Southern Commercial Congress is a movement that ex- 
presses complete dissatisfaction with things as they are, unless 
those things are the best that can be. It follows hard after the 
God of things as they ought to be. It suggests to others the 
changes, uses, and activities that should be in the South, but 
does not dissipate its own force in a sea of detail. 

The movement was organized in Washington in December, 
1908, with the full dignity of its name and its purpose, and 
yet when it started there was not an effective union of con- 
structive forces anywhere in the South to sustain it ; nor did 
it wait for the pledges of men whose interest would be benefited 
through the success of the effort. 

As a movement it sprang full grown from the minds of a 
group of commercial secretaries who met in Chattanooga in 
August, 1908, and decided that there were certain conditions 
existing in the South and outside of it that could only be met 
by a union of effort, and further decided that if such a union 
of effort did not exist, State by State, throughout the South, 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 7 

then, Avitliout waiting for the slow process of gradual unifica- 
tion, a meeting nnist be held to declare that such a union did 
exist. The clear judgment of the men who started the move- 
ment is confirmed by the fact that in less than three years the 
words ''Southern Commercial Congress" have become known 
throughout the nation, the influences of its effort for union have 
been felt throughout the South, and it is now recognized as a 
practical force for good, both here and abroad. 

The discussions in Chattanooga were along such lines as 
these : 

The Panama Canal will be finished in a few years. 

It is an enterprise potent with influences upon the South. 

It is bound to draw shipping southward and to change the 
routes of travel. 

The lure of it will bring a southward trend of population, 
because by reason of the influences of the canal there will be 
many new enterprises developed in the South. 

The canal, potent in its influences, has stirred the imagination 
of the men of the South to anticipate great benefits from the 
completed canal. 

Nevertheless, only in rare instances is there evidence of com- 
mercial organizations and business men, particularly those of 
ports, preparing to realize on the canal and its influences. 

The hindering cause is a lack of widespread, definite know- 
ledge of the South 's importance. 

Seeking in our minds for the one unquestioned means of 
stirring the South, we found that the resources of the South, 
when considered individually and collectively, involved truths 
powerful enough to electrify the mind of the man of the South 
with a new^ confidence and great enough to sweep out of the 
mind of the nation the accumulated errors of two or three 
generations whose knowledge of the South w^as either slight or 
generally inaccurate. 

The physical leadership upon which our work is based are 
these : 

COAST LINE AND HARBOR INDENTATIONS— The South, 
Baltimore to Brownsville, exceeding the Pacific coast by two 
miles to one and the North Atlantic by nearly four miles to one. 

NAVIGABLE STREAMS IN AND BENEFITING THE 
SOUTH — There being 27,410 miles of navigable rivers in the 
United States. Of these, omitting the Ohio and the Missouri 
and the northern portions of the Mississippi, 18,000 miles are 
found in the South; or, including the Mississippi Basin, the 



8 THE NEW WASHINGTON 

South possesses nearly 24,000 miles out of the total possessed 
by the nation. 

WATER POWERS NEAR GREAT PRODUCING AREAS— 
The Southern Appalachians, with their surrounding region of 
productivity, above ground and under ground, being unique 
among the water-power regions of the United States. 

RAINFALL IN INCHES PER YEAR AND DISTRIBUTION 
PER MONTH— The South excelling all other portions of the 
United States in this particular, except the extreme Northwest 
around Puget Sound. 

SOILS AND WET LANDS— The South possessing great 
stretches of typical soils; for instance, fifty million acres of 
truck lands; and also possessing by far the greatest portions 
of the wet lands of the United States. These represent the 
richest soils imaginable when excess moisture is removed. 

DAYS OF TEMPERATURE FAVORABLE TO PLANT 
GROWTH — The greater portion of the South lying within a 
region of 210 days between frosts, in which particular it has the 
advantage of the rest of the nation, for these days of growing 
temperature are associated with rainfall and with great soil 
types. 

FORESTS AND FOREST POSSIBILITIES — The South 
having for three years produced more lumber than all the 
other States together, and the climate of the South is peculiarly 
favorable to reforestation and to perpetual growth. 

MINERALS IN THEIR DISTRIBUTION NEAR NAVIG- 
ABLE STREAMS AND TO THE COAST— Thus becoming 
more valuable for transportation, for use, and for commerce 
than is true in relation to the other divisions of the United 
States. 

In other words, using material things, a movement was 
started to appeal not only to the pride of heritage, not only 
to the pride of possesion, but also to the pride of achievement 
latent in the South if this great array of resources once becomes 
impressed on the minds of men, for no civilization has arisen 
anywhere the world over except by the utilization of some one 
or more of these basic resources. Therefore, beginning with 
purely material things, which, after all, are the bases of every 
sane human activity, the Southern Commercial Congress has 
reached up into the realm of ethics, of patriotism, and of 
statesmanship. It has declared that upon these resources a 
greater civilization than has ever existed in the South must 
arise to benefit the nation. Futhermore, it has declared that 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 9 

if this greater civilization should arise largely through the 
vision and activity of those who are now strangers to the 
South, it should stand as an everlasting reproach to the men 
of the South who, treading under foot opportunities unmatch- 
able, saw in those opportunities no personal challenge to effort. 
We also saw that if the active campaign to stir the mind of 
the nation as a whole toward new assurances in the South were 
not first undertaken in the South itself, the natural lure of the 
resources of the South would bring into that region a sweep 
of population whose use of resources Avould be superior to 
those left in charge of the South, but unwilling to exert trans- 
forming influences. 

Consequently, while the Southern Commercial Congress 
sounds as if it w^ere commercial, it might with truth be called 
the '' Southern Ethical Congress," for it is a moral power, and 
it regards as its very best field of endeavor the mind of the 
boy and man of the South, so that by constant reiteration of the 
truths of the South we may arouse in the mind an affirmative 
impluse to control, use, and transform the resources of the 
South. Furthermore, by declaring the great truths of the 
South, particularly relative to its unoccupied acres, the 
Southern Commercial Congress strives to broaden the thought 
of the South, so that it may desire the arrival of more men of 
good intent to share in its problems of development. 

The Southern Commercial Congress might with equal ac- 
curacy be called the Southern Renationalization Congress, for 
at the very outset it took the broad view that through a greater 
South must arise a greater nation. Consequently, using the 
terms of commerce and the facts of resource, constaht em- 
phasis has been laid upon the national significance of these 
lesources and their development, for following the reuniting 
tendency of the Spanish-American war, and following the 
decision to wed the Atlantic and the Pacific, there must come to 
the mind of the South a clearer view of its national importance 
and relationship. 

The great meetings of the Southern Commercial Congress in 
Washington and elsewhere have always emphasized the con- 
trast between conditions as they were and conditions as they 
are. But specifically until the year 1915 it will emphasize the 
contract in conditions of fifty years ago and those of now. 

The five great meetings in the years mentioned will represent 
five scenes in the great drama of the South 's recovery. The 
stage in the South, the audience is the nation. The scene in 



10 THE NEW WASHINGTON 

Atlanta in M.arch, 1911, carried out the idea of "The South 's 
physical recovery;" the scene in Nashville in April, 1912, 
carried out the idea of ''The South 's Agricultural and Educa- 
tional Recovery" and as affected by the influx of men from 
other States. The scene along the Gulf or South Atlantic 
coast in 1913 will carry out the idea of ''The South 's Com- 
mercial Recovery," using the completed Panama Canal as a 
means of defining the increasing importance of the Southern 
States as related to the commerce of the nation and of the 
world. The scene in Oklahoma in 1914 will express the idea 
of internal development, the rapid growth of Oklahoma in its 
twenty-five years of life being regarded as a type of the growth 
that will be common in the whole South in the next quarter 
of a century. The scene in 1915 will be set in Washington or 
in Richmond and will express all that is involved in the Avords 
"The victories of fifty years of peace." 

A resident of California going East might stop in Colorado 
and have complied with the purpose of his journey. A resident 
of Maine going West might stop in Ohio and be considered to 
have made the move that he had declared he would make. A 
resident in the old South might move to any State, from Cali- 
fornia to Maine, and still be regarded as having moved North. 
When, however, the term "the South" is used it has a definite 
significance that has attached itself to it for two or three 
generations and which, in a way, has been the means of estab- 
lishing a bias regarding the South. It is not so many years 
ago that if a man announced he was going South — and there 
are many such — his friends and neighbors would bid farewell 
to him, as though he were going into danger, for the ease with 
which the word "South" could be used in relation to un- 
toward occurrences, particularly in public print, had created 
the general feeling that the South is a region of strange 
diseases, of social disorder, of educational backwardness, and 
whatever other vivid imaginings chose to find lodgment in the 
minds of those who knew not, and did not know that they 
knew not. The ease with Avhich the word "South' has been 
used as attached to an outbreak, physical or moral, is the very 
means now used by the Southern Commercial Congress to set 
right the mind of the nation. The Congress does not deal with 
Alabama as such any more than it deals with Virginia as such. 
It is in the business of setting the facts of "the South" before 
the nation, excepting that truth will drive out error, that 
knowledge will supplant misapprehension, and that, through 
truth and knowledge, the mind of the nation may be made to 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 11 

listen to the message of the South and yield to its offerings of 
opportunity, thus bringing men to cast in their lot with the 
men already there in working out and building up the great 
civilization that is predicated upon the marvelous inherent re- 
sources of the South. 

Those who have directed the work of the Southern Com- 
mercial Congress are exercising an influence that is practically 
irresistible, for by avoiding all contact and complications with 
definite business and by holding fast to the convincing affirma- 
tions that are true regarding the South, it has become a fact 
that no one, anywhere, could question the accuracy of what was 
said, nor take the negative side regarding affirmations proved 
by the governmental researches of the nations. 

The work of the Southern Commercial Congress can be 
likened to the pervasiveness of air. With such an idea of per- 
vasiveness and irresistibility, the Congress has alwa^^s chosen to 
keep out of political disputes and to avoid, as far as possible, 
legislative cpiestions, particularly in Washington. It uses the 
resource facts of the South over and over again, through 
kaleidoscopic changes made up of the self-same elements, and 
thus stands between North and South, in order that each may 
understand the other, and that through the language of com- 
merce and of development there may arise in the semi-centen- 
nial years of the war a new understanding of the old South and 
a new respect for the young South. 

The Congress, within sixty days after its first meeting in 
Washington, in December, 1908, moved its efforts to Wash- 
ington, and has remained active there ever since. Washington 
was chosen in order that the efforts of the Congress might 
actually bring to pass a physical return of the South to the 
Nation's Capital, and in order that, using the natural advan- 
tages of Washington for research, we might, in the campaign for 
the South, come into touch with many minds from many places, 
and thus send to all portions of the nation the broader under- 
standing of the South, which the nation . needs in order to 
increase its strength. An additional reason for choosing 
Washington was this : That the most highly organized gov- 
ernment of modern times is located there ; yet though so 
highly organized, it is faultily articulated, and the opportunity 
was seen for a movement on behalf of the South to come in 
touch with governmental activities, supply the necessary corre- 
lation, and then use the researches of the nation in terms of 
the South for the South 's internal benefit and for its external 
influence upon the nation. 



New Buildings for the Departments 

of State, Commerce, Labor and 

Justice. Soon to Be Erected 

at a Cost of $8,000,000, 




View Showing Location, with Ref- 

ference to White House and 

Washington Monument. 



The New Washington 




In November, 1800, a little over 112 
years ago, Washington became the 
permanent seat of the Government 
of the United States. In December, 
1900, a century later, the nation 
joined with the residents of the 
Capital City in a centennial cele- 
bration of that occasion. Largely 
due to the national interest in the city 
of Washington, aroused and quick- 
ened by the celebration, the city then 
entered upon a period of advance- 
ment that in the short space of a 
dozen years has produced a new 
Washington. 

Remarkable as had been the pro- 
gress in the first century of the city's 
life as a capital of a nation, the pos- 
sibilities for further improvement at 
the end of that period were such that 
an eminent citizen then declared 
"if the embellishment of the Capital 
City is ever to be accomplished, now 
is the time when it should be begun," 
and Governors of States, Repre- 
sentatives, Senators and other high 
Government officials joined in a demand that Washington should be made 
the greatest and most beautiful capital in the world. 

Events that immediately followed showed that the time indeed was 
ripe, for in scarcely more than a year afterwards, January 15, 1902, there 
was laid before the Senate of the United States a comprehensive plan 
for the future development of Washington that practically embodied 
the high ideals not only of the city's founders, Washington, Jefferson 
and Madison, but of the members of the great assemblage in 1900. The 
plan was included in a report submitted by a commission of artists, the 
most eminent in their respective lines, known since as the Park Com- 
mission, and composed of Daniel H. Burnham, of Chicago; Frederick 
Law Olmsted, jr., of Brookline, Mass.; Charles F. McKim and Augustus 
St. Gaudens, of New York. Mr. Olmsted is the only surviving member. 
Although Congress has never seen fit formally to give the efifect of 
law to the commission's report, it is a remarkable instance of the force 
of public opinion that in the twelve years since, in all the improvements 
that have been carried out and proposed for execution in the near future, 
no attempt (and there have been many of them) to depart from the 
plan has prevailed. Every public building, every monument and memorial 
and every park constructed or proposed, is in accordance with the unified 
and orderly scheme. 



The Washington Monument. 



14 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




The Treasury, White House and Building of the State, War and Navy Departments. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 15 

Just what has been accompHshed in these dozen years to create a 
new Washington will presently be shown, but before proceeding to a 
consideration of Washington as it is and is to be, a brief review of the 
events of the past should be made, so that the reader may the more 
clearly understand the present and the plans for the future. 

THE CITY OF WASHINGTON 

"The City of Washington," so called by the commissioners appointed 
by George Washington and by Congress, although Washington himself 
called it "The Federal City," was the last of nine cities to furnish a 
home for the government. The Continental Congress, from 1774 to 1778, 
and the Congress of the Confederation, from 1778 to 1789, had moved 
successively from Philadelphia to Baltimore, to Lancaster, to York, to 
Princeton, to Annapolis, to Trenton, and finally to New York. New 
York was also the site of assembly of the first Congress under the 
Constitution, in 1789, and immediately the question of a permanent location 
for the seat of government engaged attention. The question was settled 
the following year and a location "on the river Potomac at some place 
between the mouths of the Eastern Branch and Conogocheague" was 
accepted for "the permanent seat of the Government of the United 
States." The government was then moved to Philadelphia, where it was 
provided it should remain until 1800. This gave ten years for preparation. 
In 1791 Congress definitely located the site of the present city, including 
in the ten miles square a portion of Virginia, and providing that the 
public buildings should be erected on the Maryland side of the river. 
In the preceding year, 1790, however, President Washington was author- 
ized to appoint three commissioners to survey the territory. Accordingly, 
on March 30, 1791, the survey having been completed, the States of 
Maryland and Virginia having ceded the territory required, and Congress 
having approved the arrangements, the President formally proclaimed 
and made known the site of the Federal district. The corner stone of 
the District of Columbia was laid on the Virginia side, April 15, 1791, 
with Masonic ceremonies. Thus, for the first time in history, an inde- 
pendent capital of a nation was made. Australia, within the past few 
years, has followed this example and the plan of Washington has largely 
guided that country in designing its new capital city. 

Washington's Ideal City. 

No sooner had Congress approved the site for the future seat of 
the government and given the President authority to prepare it for 
occupancy in 1800, than Washington, with the assistance of IMadison, 
Jefferson, Ellicott and L'Enfant, set about planning a National Capital, 
not only for the immediate, but for the distant future, a city of splendid 
proportion, adaptable in its plan to all future growth and capable of 
being made the most noble and beautiful city in the world. Washington's 
ideal embraced not only a great city in its physical aspect, but he would 
also have the Federal City "the greatest commercial emporium" and 
a center of learning. To facilitate the former he assisted the construction 
of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal to connect the seaboard with the A\'est, 
and to encourage the latter he left a substantial bequest for a national 
university. 

The plan for the physical city at length was completed, the plan 
that has since borne the name of L'Enfant, but Washington was not to 



16 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



see the occupation by the Government of the capital city to the prepara- 
tion of which he had given years of thoughtful effort. The Government 
was moved from Philadelphia in 1800, the year after his death, to the 
city that has since stood as a monument to the last great work of the 
nation's first President. 

What may well be termed the Dark Ages of Washington then began. 
The city was neglected by Congress and the plan conceived by Wash- 
ington for a capital city typical of the dignity and wealth of the nation 
was permitted to go with little further execution. This period of neglect 
lasted for nearly three-quarters of a century, until the year 1871. Its 
lowest ebb was probably marked in 1846, when the people of Alexandria 
wearied of the condition, and Congress, with seeming utter carelessness 
in the preservation and ultimate working out of the ideals for a great 



"City Hall," the District Court House 
and Statue of Abraham Lincoln. 




District Government Building and Statue of 

Alexander R. Shepherd. Governor of 

the District of Columbia, 1873-4. 

capital, permitted the retrocession to the State of Virginia of all that 
section of the District of Columbia the State had originally given as a 
part of the Federal district, about one-third of the whole territory. 
During all this time, too, the city of Georgetown existed as an inde- 
pendent municipality. 

Through President Washington's negotiations the original owners 
of the land of the city donated to the United States five-sevenths of the 
whole and relinquished control over their own local governmental affairs, 
with the understanding that the nation would carry out the plans of the 
city's founder and build up at its own expense through the sale of a 
portion of the property so donated, or otherwise, the great capital 
proposed. 

But through the whole seventy-one years the residents bore practi- 
cally the entire burden of the citj^'s upbuilding. Indeed, it was brought 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



17 



THE CAPITOL. 




THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



out by Senator Curtis in debate in the Senate in February, 1913. that 
even up to 1878 the citizens had expended in the District $65,569,371, 
while the Government had expended only $27,311,000; in other words, 
the citizens had expended $38,357,421 more than the general Government 
had expended. 

During this time, too, there were periodical attempts to move the 
seat of Government to other cities. 

The Civil War proved the first great event of promise for the 
neglected city. The National Capital's preservation became the concern 
of a nation, and Lincoln himself faced the invaders' fire on one of the 
forts erected about the city for its defense. For the first time the interest 
of the people of the country was stirred in the Capital City. This interest, 
awakened by the war, was led afterwards by President Grant, and in 
1871 the municipalities of Washington and Georgetown were merged 
into the District of Columbia with a sort of territorial form of govern- 
ment, whose Governor was appointed by the President of the United 
States. 



18 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



Shepherd's Improvements. 

The District's second, and last, Governor, Alexander R. Shepherd, 
a native of Washington, who served from September 13, 1873, to June 
20, 1874, backed by President Grant, put into practical effect the re- 
awakened national concern. Imbued with the ideals of the first Presi- 
dent, he set about with vigor and rough-shod methods to build up the 
long-neglected city. Streets and avenues that until then were in existence 
only on the map laid out under Washington's directions, were opened, 
graded and paved. Improvements all over the city were made and all 
was done at the expense of the resident taxpayers. The unprecedented 
improvements and their accompanying expenditures, placing a new and 
heavier burden upon taxpayers, aroused a storm of protest such as to 
end the Shepherd regime and the territorial form of government. For 
the next four years a temporary form of government by Commissioners 
was provided, and in 1878 what was termed the permanent form of 
government was instituted by a law since known as the Organic Act. 
Later the Supreme Court of the United States pronounced this act the 
"Constitution of the District." It provided for the present form of 
government under a board of three commissioners, appointed by the 
President of the United States, two from the citizens of Washington and 
a third from the Engineer Corps of the United States Army. 

Of the highest importance was the provision in the Organic Act of 
a permanent basis of division of the expenses of the Capital City in 
recognition, late though it was, of the obligation upon the nation of 
assuming an appropriate share of the burden of building a capital some- 
what commensurate with the ideals of its founders. The act provided 
for an equal division of expenses between the general Government and 
that of the District. ^ 

The enactment of the fundamental law was the culmination of the 
new national interest in the Capital aroused by the dangers of the war 




The Park Commission Plan — Design for The Mall and Treatment of the 

Monument Grounds. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



19 




The Memorial 

Structure and its 

location, as it will 

appear from 

Arlington. 



and kept lively later by President Grant. That just such an intelligent 
organization of the affairs of the District was all that was needed to 
start the orderly and adequate development of the Capital is shown by 
the fact that in the twenty-two years next ensuing, from 1878 to the 
centennial year, the District practically doubled in wealth and population. 
"Governor Shepherd and the Commissioners and Congress took from 
the walls the dusty map of L'Enfant and Ellicott," said Senator Louis 
E. McComas at the centennial celebration in 1900, "impressed its outlines 
on marsh, on hill, on woodland, and, under the cloudless sky, out of the 
fresh earth the new Washington rose as from the stroke of the enchanter's 
wand." 

The Park Commission Plan. 

But the new Washington was yet to come. The whole nation on 
that day in December, 1900, gathered, through its representatives in 
Congress and the Governors of its States, to celebrate the accomplish- 
ments of a century and to pledge new efforts to a realization of "The 
Ftderal City" of which Washington dreamed, and the world looked on 
through the eyes of the diplomatic corps. The Park Commission plan, 
that embellishment, modernization and extension of the Washington- 



20 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



L'Enfant plan to meet the requirements of the greater city, was con- 
ceived and its execution commenced within a year afterward. 

With the overwhehning vote in Congress in February, 1913, author- 
izing the expenditure of $2,000,000 for a great memorial structure to 
Abraham Lincoln and directing that the structure be raised on the site 
chosen for it eleven years before by the Park Commission, the keystone 
of the plan's main arch was dropped into place. Although never formally 
enacted into law, as was its prototype, the Washington-L'Enfant plan, 
the Park Commission plan for the greater Washington, has been followed 
consistently and every important new step in the upbuilding of the city 
for the past eleven years has been taken in conformity with it. 

To keep the plan intact and locate public structures in conformity 
with it has been no easy task during this period. Practically every 
important proposed public building has involved a contest over its location, 
and in every instance selfish motives have entered that would make 
serious departure from the whole scheme. A bitter fight was waged 
over the loca^on of the Grant Memorial, but the advocates of adherence 
to the plan set for it by the Park Commission finally prevailed. The last 
important and greatest contest of all was that over the Lincoln Memorial 
in the closing days of the Sixty-second Congress. 





SENATE OFFICE BUILDING. 
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OFFICE BUILDING. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



21 




New Building of the National Museum. 
New Building for the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. 

Another important section of the plan was also provided for by 
Congress on the fourth of March, 1913, the first large project in the 
section relating to the outer-park system. This was a provision for a 
connecting parkway along the valley of Rock Creek between Rock Creek 
Park and Potomac Park. Congress also made an appropriation for a sur- 
vey and estimate for the memorial bridge proposed by the Commission 
to span the Potomac and form a public highway to the national cemetery 
at Arlington. 

Execution of Plan. 

A conception of the physical development of the capital since 1900 
can best be had from a brief review of the more notable accomplishments 
of the period. In that time the unsightly railway stations and yards, one 
at Sixth and B Streets, and the other at New Jersey Avenue and C Street, 
have been entirely cleared away. The Union Station, into which come all 
of the passenger trains entering the city, has been erected at a cost, 
including the vast plaza, of nearly $20,000,000. 

Splendid new office buildings have been erected for the accommoda- 
tion of Senators and Members of the House of Representatives, on two 
sides of the park on the east side of the Capitol, at a total cost of nearly 
$7,000,000. 

A great new building for the National Museum has been erected 
at a cost of $3,500,000 on the B Street, N. W., line of the Mall. 



22 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



At a cost of $2,500,000 a new building has been erected to house the 
Government of the District of Columbia. This building occupies the 
square at the southeast corner of 14th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue. 

Although incomplete, a new building has been erected for the 
Department of Agriculture at a present cost of $1,500,000, on the B Street, 
S W., side of the Mall. 

A new building for the Government Printing Office has been con- 
structed at a cost of $2,500,000. 

Extensive additions have been made to the White House, including 
a separate building for the executive ofBces. 

Two notable semi-public buildings, the Pan-American Union and 
the D. A. R. Continental Memorial Hall, have been erected in conformity 
with the plan of the Park Commission at a cost of nearly $2,000,000, 
and are notable features in the ornamentation of the scheme. 

Just west of the Union Station, and on the plaza, there is now 
nearing completion a new building which will house the Washington City 
Post Office. This will cost about $3,000,000. 




CONTINENTAL MEMORIAL HALL OF THE D. A. 
PAN-AMERICAN UNION BUILDING. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



23 




THE GREAT FALLS OF THE POTOMAC. 

Looking out upon Potomac Park just south of the Washington 
Monument, there is now nearly ready for use a new building for the 
Bureau of Engraving and Printing, which will cost, when completed this 
year, $2,500,000. Without exception, these buildings, to be erected, under 
construction, or about to be built, harmonize in design and location with 
the original plan of the founders, which was enlarged by the Park Com- 
mission in 1900. 

The Connecticut Avenue bridge over Rock Creek has been built 
at a cost of $1,000,000. 

An ornamental bridge on Sixteenth Street has been constructed and 
work is now proceeding on another to carry Q Street across Rock Creek, 
the two costing $435,000. 

Potomac Park has been largely developed and the Speedway com- 
pleted. 

The Army War College, built at a cost of $1,000,000, now adorns 
the pomt of land formed by the Anacostia River and the Washington 
channel of the Potomac. 

Additions to the park system of the District, costing for the ground 
alone about $800,000, not including the Rock Creek Park connection, 
have also been made. 

Thus there has been expended about $65,000,000 in this short period 
in carrying into execution the plan for beautifjnng the city. 

Municipal Improvements. 

Remarkable progress in municipal improvements has also been 
made. A new sewerage disposal system has been instituted at a cost 
of $5,264,520. A filtration plant, which has resulted in giving Washington 
an abundant supply of pure water, has been built at a cost of $3.500'iOOO. 
The railroad grade crossings of the city have been abolished at a cost 
to the railroad companies of about $15,000,000, and to the United States 
and the District of Columbia of $3,000,000. In addition to these, changes 
in the grade of streets and improvements to meet the new conditions 



24 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



cost $1,600,000, and damages due to changes in grades of streets amounting 
to nearly $500,000 have been paid. A new steel and concrete bridge 
across the Potomac River has been built at a cost of about $1,200,000, 
and a new bridge across the Anacostia River, at a cost of nearly $500,000. 
One of the most necessary and important improvements to the city has 
been put well under way in the past decade, the reclamation of the flats 
along Anacostia River, and the improvement of the banks of that stream 
as a water-front park. The District Appropriation Act for the fiscal 
year 1912 carried an appropriation of $100,000 for beginning this work, 
and since 1902 $270,000 has been spent in dredging a 400- foot channel 
20 feet deep and placing the dredged material on the flats. 

A New Washington Built. 

Concurrently with the submission of the Park Commissions plan 
to the Senate, Washington entered upon a period of construction by 
private enterprise that has amounted to nothing short of a building 
renaissance. A new Washington has been built by the citizens of the 
Capital alone, as well as by them and the citizens of the United States 
jointly. 




Copyright, L,eet Bros. 
A section of Sheridan Circle, looking out Massachusetts avenue. 

As though fired with inspiration by the broad vista of the city's 
beautification portrayed by the four famous artists composing the Com- 
mission, the people of Washington commenced to build and beautify. 
Not only were beautiful residences constructed, but the esthetic influence 
touched the construction of commercial building. If the people of the 
United States proposed to make Washington the most beautiful capital 
of the world, the people of the District of Columbia needed no urging to 
do their full share. Sheridan Circle, Washington's most elaborate 
residential section, has been entirely constructed since 1900. Residences 
there, and elsewhere, have been iDuilt with an eye single to beauty. 
Meridian Hill, with its imposing residences, has been created ; Washington 
Heights has experienced its best building in the period. The neighbor- 
hood of Dupont Circle has been immensely improved, especially in the 
New Hampshire Avenue section. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



25 



One of the most beautiful buildings erected by any fraternal organiza- 
tion in the United States, the Scottish Rite Temple, will soon be completed 
at the corner of S Street and the Avenue of the Presidents. This build- 
ing, being erected by the Scottish Rite Masons, is a huge Monumental 
pile of white marble. Its cost is estimated at $1,000,000. A library of 
75,000 volumes, the nucleus of which was a donation of the library of 



■- '■#■''• 



"11 



%V^ 



llH^f 33|n 
II 




r 



WW 



W 3ii 










THE SOUTHERN BUILDING 15th and H STREETS, N. W. 

Home of the Southern Commercial Congress. Home of and owned by The 
Commercial Fire Insurance and the First National Fire Insurance Companies. 



26 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




CAPITAL OFFICE BUILDINGS. 
1— The Mills' Building; 2— The Colorado Building; 3— The Munsey Building; 4- 

The Bond Building. 



General Albert Pike, who was Grand Commander of the Supreme Coun- 
cil from 1859 to 1891 and a scholar of wide reputation. 

The influence of the esthetic inspiration of the Park Commission's 
plan extended to the building of the most modest houses for people of 
the most limited means. Thousands of houses in a row have been built, 
to be sure, but this necessity was counterbalanced by using- as artistic 
designs as skilled architects, in the employ of large builders, could 
devise. Housing companies were organized for the purpose of building 
attractive and sanitary houses for the poor, and only the lowest rate of 
interest upon the money invested, without other profit, was figured. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



27 



Twelve Years Building. 



In the 12 years from 1901 to 1912, inclusive, there have been erected 
v^^ithin the boundaries of the District alone about $150,000,000 worth of 
private structures. This is exclusive of Government buildings and of 
buildings erected by the District government. In addition to this there 
has been very large development just beyond the boundaries of the District, 
both in Virginia and Maryland, for which, however, there are no figures 
available. 

During this period the city has been practically transformed in the 
character of its building improvements. This has been the era of apart- 
ment-house building, and in this time it is estimated that about 400 
apartnient houses have been erected at a cost of about $17,000,000, ranging 
in price up to a million dollars. 

There has also been a vast amount of small residence building and 
a great army of people, who were formerly renters of homes, have been 

enabled through these 
operations to become 
home - owners. One 
builder alone, Mr. 
Harry Wardman, has 
made a record un- 
equaled by a single 
builder in any other 
city of the country in 
construction of small 
dwellings and large 
apartment houses. 
Since April, 1906, he 
has erected over $12,- 
000,000 worth of these 
classes of buildings. 
In that time, too, a 
number of other 
builders have been 
active in the same 
sort of construc- 
tion. 

The influx of wealthy people who have come to Washington to enjoy 
its social, educational, climatic, and esthetic advantages by establishing 
residences here, has also resulted in the construction of hundreds of 
expensive and handsome residences, not only in the city itself, but in the 
suburbs and surrounding country. 

Foreign governments have constructed many splendid homes for 
their diplomatic representatives in Washington, others have purchased 
some of the best residences, and still others are planning to erect palatial 
official homes. Notable among these plans are those of the French and 
German Governments. Both France and Germany have purchased large 
sites for embassies and within the year Germany sent a commission of 
eminent architects and engineers to plan for the construction of a home 
for the embassy, which is estimated to cost about $1,000,000. 




Residence of Mr. Harry Wardman. 



28 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



Real Estate Value Doubles. 

The growth of the Capital City is also demonstrated by a glance 
at the values of real property as assessed for taxation. In 1871, when 
first the country's interest in the National Capital was awakened, the 
total value of real property, according to the assessors' books, was 
$79,997,454. When the present form of government was created, in 1878, 
this figure had been increased by 25 per cent. In 1900 the total assessed 
value was $176,567,549, or a little more than double that twenty-nine 
years previous. The assessment for 1912 totaled $330,332,487, or nearly 
twice as much as that in 1900, when the nation's representatives gathered 
in Washington to celebrate the centennial of the city's foundation. In 
other words, it appears that in the past dozen years the National Capital 
has grown in value of real property by as much as it had grown in the 
first one hundred years of its life. 




WASHINGTON RESIDENCES. 

1 — Barber Estate; 2 — Country residence of John R. McLean; 3 — Charles J. Bell; 

4 — A street end; 5 — A Chevy Chase home; 6— Nourse House, Tenleytown, 

a relic of early days. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



29 



While all this has actually been accomplished since the centennial 
celebration in 1900, the future holds even greater things for the beautifi- 
cation of the city, both as a part of the settled plan of the Commission, 
and by non-governmental and private institutions. 




WASHINGTON RESIDENCES. 



1— The late Thomas F. Walsh; 2— Thomas Nelson Page; 3— Henry White; 4— John 
■R. McLean; 5 — Embassy of Argentine; 6 — Mrs. Mary Scott Townsend. 



30 THE NEW WASHINGTON 

Future Holds Much. 

With the completion of the Grant Memorial this year, and the early 
transfer of the Botanical Gardens to a site in the parkway connecting 
Rock Creek and Potomac Parks, provided for by the last Congress, a 
formal plaza will be laid out, with the Grant Memorial as its feature 
and chief adornment. This plaza will take in all the property now 
occupied by the present Botanical Gardens . The whole area known as the 
Mall, and including all of the land south of Pennsylvania Avenue to the 
Mall, from the foot of the Capitol to Fifteenth Street, and including the 
parks and grounds between Fifteenth Street and the river, will be 
developed as the main, central feature of the Park Commission's plan. 
All of the property in the five squares between Pennsylvania Avenue 
and the Mall and Fourteenth and Fifteenth Streets will presently be 
cleared to make way for the three great new Department buildings, for 
which Congress has already authorized an expenditure of $8,000,000. One 
of these squares, that between Fourteenth and Fifteenth Streets and 
Pennsylvania Avenue and E Street, will be laid out as a park, and the 
three buildings will occupy the other four squares. 

There is a measure now before Congress, and it will undoubtedly 
ultimately be enacted, providing for the acquisition by the Government 
of all the land between these three great buildings, and the plaza about 
the Grant Memorial, to be known as Union Square, on which from time 
to time new Government buildings, conforming in architecture to that of 
the three buildings between Fourteenth and Fifteenth Streets, will be 
erected. 

Provision has already been made and an initial appropriation voted 
for the acquisition of all the property between the Union Station plaza 
and the north wing of the Capitol, so that within a few j^ears the build- 
ings now obstructing the view between the Capitol and the Union Station 
will be razed to form one magnificent plaza that will be the first impres- 
sive view the visitor will have upon emerging from the portals of the 
Station upon his arrival in Washington, 

To Connect Parks. 

The construction of the parkway between Potomac and Rock Creek 
Parks will add to the city a most beautiful feature. Rock Creek valley, 
between these two parks, is now chiefly an unsightly dumping ground, 
with only here and there a glimpse suggesting the future beauties of the 
parkway to be formed along the banks and valley of the winding creek. 
It will also form an appropriate approach from the north and west to 
the monumental structure to the memory of Lincoln, soon to be erected 
at the western end of the Mall. 

Another notable public improvement in immediate prospect is the 
memorial bridge to Arlington, for which plans and estimates are now 
being prepared. From the banks of the Potomac, just west of the Lincoln 
Memorial, this great bridge is to stretch across the river into the National 
Cemetery at Arlington, a monument to the union of the North and the 
South. Beyond the river at Arlington, it is proposed to erect a great 
amphitheater, where may be held memorial and other ceremonies which 
from time to time take place at the National Cemetery, 

The proposed park system, encircling the city, now seems assured 
of early realization. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



31 



The park of chief beauty, of course, is Rock Creek, with its miles of 
curving and shaded driveways, and hundreds of acres of woodland. 
Through the park from its northern extremity at the District Line to the 
Zoological Gardens, at the southern end, flows Rock Creek, a stream of 
rare picturesqueness. 

The extensive grounds of the Soldiers' Home form a beautiful pubhc 
park and one of the most popular drives in the city. The grounds are 
elaborately cultivated and contain a number of beautiful lakes. 




SCENIC VIEWS ABOUT WASHINGTON. 

1, 2 and 4 — Views in Soldiers' Home Grounds; 3 — Cabin John Bridge, Length of 

Span, 220 feet. 



City's Sylvan Views. 

Scattered throughout the city, occupying areas of from a few square 
feet to several city squares, are formally treated parks. In these the 
Government has developed shade trees of nearly every species known, 
and the formal flower gardens are kept abundantly supplied with plants 
from the nurseries of the Department of Agriculture. There is not a 
time throughout the year that some sort of flowering plant is not seen 
in these gardens. 

The city itself is one huge park, for the streets have been abundantly 
furnished with trees. "I know of no city in which the trees seem to be 
so much a part of the city as Washington," to quote that keen observer, 



32 THE NEW WASHINGTON 

former Ambassador Bryce, of Great Britain. "Nothing can be more 
charming than the views up and down the avenues, especially those that 
look toward the setting sun or catch some glow of the evening light. 
Look down New Hampshire Avenue, look up Connecticut Avenue, or 
even along the humble little N Street, which adjoins the house where I 
live, and you have the most charming sylvan views, and all this is so by 
reason of the taste and forethought of those who have administered the 
government of the city and who have planted different kinds of trees, so 
that you have different kinds of sylvan views. When you want a fine, 
bold effect, what could be grander than Sixteenth Street, with its bold 
hill on the one side, on the north, and the hills of Virginia as the back- 
ground on the south." 

Permanent National Exposition. 

An interesting project, for which there is now a bill before Congress, 
is that proposing that a tract of land in or near the city shall be set 
aside by the Government for the purpose of permitting each State and 
Territory of the Union to construct, at its own expense, a building suit- 
able for the purpose of installing and maintaining therein a permanent 
exhibit of its natural, industrial, and commercial resources, and educa- 
tional facilities. In other words, the project contemplates a permanent 
exposition to be located at the Capital where there will be constantly on 
view exhibits of the resources of the whole country. 

Memorial Convention Hall. 

Another important project which seems destined to early realization 
is the proposed George Washington Memorial Convention Hall. At 
the last session Congress set aside the property which was formerly 
occupied by the Pennsylvania Station, at Sixth and B Streets, N. W., for 
the purpose of permitting the George Washington Memorial Association 
to erect thereon a great convention hall, to cost $2,000,000, and which 
is to have an endowment of $500,000. Under the control of the regents 
of the Smithsonian Institution this building, which will conform in 
architectural design to other public buildings on the Mall, will be used 
for national gatherings at the Capital. The fund of $2,500,000 is now 
being raised throughout the country by the Association, and a large 
share of it has already been subscribed. When this oroject is executed 
Washington will have a meeting place for national organizations superior 
to any in the country. It is also designed to have :ooms_ in this building 
for the use of delegations and visitors from the various States and 
Territories, so that each State and Territory may have a convenient 
meeting place for those in attendance at any convention. 

National Archives Building. 

Still other important improvements for the early future are an armory 
for the District of Columbia National Guard, to cost $1,700,000; a 
building to be the headquarters of the American Red Cross, at a cost 
of $700,000, and a National Archives Building, to cost at first about 
$1,500,000, and designed for future expansion, as needs require. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



ZZ 




TYPICAL PARK SCENES IN WASHINGTON. 
At top — Thomas Circle; Centre — Botanical Gardens; Below — Lincoln Park. 



34 THE NEW WASH INGTON 

DISTRICT TAXATION 



THE brief outline of Washington's history already drawn will give 
the reader a basis for a clearer understanding of the relation be- 
tween the people of the United States and the people of the District 
of Columbia in capital building and its attendant expenses. 

Three facts stand out in striking fashion : First, that although 
heavily burdened with expense, the people of the Federal City in the 
first three-fourths of a century were able to make but slight headway 
in carrying out the plans of the founders for a great National Capital; 
second, that when they made extraordinary efforts, under the terri- 
torial form of government, to build the city as they realized it should be 
built, they became so heavily involved in debt that it was evident to all 
that the people of the District of Columbia alone were powerless to make 
the Capital City what it was planned, and third, that since 1878, when the 
Government of the United States assumed the obligations incurred for 
the improvement of the city and agreed to share thereafter equally in 
the expenditures, the National Capital entered upon a period of develop- 
ment never before witnessed. 

Especially are these facts emphasized by the events which have 
followed the great awakening of national interest in the Capital City 
that took place in 1900, for in that time, as has been shown, Washington 
has grown more in extent and beauty than it did in the whole century 
preceding. In spite of this remarkable series of events critics have 
arisen who would retard the building of the Capital City in keeping with 
the wealth and growth of the United States, bv shifting to the people 
of the District of Columbia once more the heavy burden of public 
expense. They have asserted that the people of Washington have waxed 
wealthy at the expense of the nation ; that the citizens of this city are 
undertaxed. and their property in many instances under-assessed. 

The answer to this is manifest in a comparison in the per capita 
assessment in Washington with that of other cities of similar size. . The 
per capita tax levy, or in other words, the actual tax burden borne by 
the average citizen is shown by the following table : 

Per Capita Tax 
Levy on Actual 
City. Tax Rate. Basis. 

Minneapolis $3.22 $21.38 

Newark 2.04 20.88 

Jersey City 2.20 19.88 

Cincinnati 1.48 19.36 

Milwaukee 1-58 18.55 

Washington 1.50 17.79 

Buffalo 2.40 17.53 

Indianapolis 2.12 17.30 

Detroit 1.99 15.84 

Cleveland 1.36 15.68 

St. Paul 2.93 15.54 

New Orleans 2.20 13.65 

Louisville 1.79 12.98 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 35 

It is thus seen that the people of Washington are still bearing a very 
fair share of the burden of their local government as compared with the 
taxes paid by people of other cities toward the expenses of their local 
governments. 

It should be borne in mind that five-sixths of all the land originally 
taken for the city of Washington from private owners was a gift to 
the government, and at the time it was contemplated the entire expense 
of building the Capital City should be borne by the whole people of the 
United States. It should also be noted that nowhere else in the world 
is there a city the streets of which are so wide and numerous, and which 
have such a large ratio of area to the entire area of the city. The 
proportion in Washington is 54 per cent, while in New York it is only 
35; Philadelphia, 29, and Boston, 26. Other great capitals of the world 
do not approach Washington in this respect. The proportion in Paris 
is 25 per cent; Berlin, 26, and Vienna, ?iS. There are 264 miles of streets, 
varying in width from 90 to 160 feet. This, of course, was brought about 
by the original plan of the city which contemplated the building pi a 
magnificent federal city, far beyond the requirements of ordinary municipal 
or business purposes. 

"The capital of the nation is laid out upon so extensive a scale as 
greatly to enhance the cost of paving, maintenance, cleaning, and lighting 
its wide streets and avenues," explains a former president of the Wash- 
ington Chamber of Commerce. "The Departments and other establish- 
ments of the Federal Government make such extraordinary demands 
upon the sewer and water services as to entail great additional cost. To 
provide the necessary fire and police protection for the many millions 
of dollars belonging to the National Government, for the President 
and other officers of the United States, and the foreign representatives 
of foreign governments resident in Washington, an immense financial 
burden is laid upon the citizens and taxpayers." 

"As National citizens of the National Capital," said a former Com- 
missioner of the District of Columbia, "we are glad to bear half of the 
money expenses and much more than half of the time and labor expense 
of making this the best capital on earth. We know that the intelligent 
patriotic citizens of the rest of the country do not begrudge the small 
amount per capita of their half of the money expense. They share our 
desire to make this the most perfect capital of the world, not only physi- 
cally, but in all respects. They would be ashamed to have it found 
lacking, under the criticism of experts, in its schools, or in any other 
municipal service. Very few of them can ever see it, but that does not 
diminish their interest or affect their desire. It is to them the symbol 
of the nation in the eyes of all mankind, and they want it to be adequate 
to the nation's greatness, as a complete city, a rounded whole." 

It is these problems of government of the National Capital that 
the people of Washington would have every American understand. In 
a presentation of this brief character it is, of course, impossible to bring 
out the facts in anything like adequate form, but the citizens of this city, 
who have, it should not be forgotten, no direct voice whatever in their 
own government, must appeal to the citizens of every State, not only 
in order to secure justice for themselves, but also to insure continued 
interest in the development of the city of all the people. 



36 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



OF all Washington's attractions the chief for students and scholars is 
the opportunity for preparatory, collegiate and post-graduate study, 
for research and for broad culture. In all these respects no other 
city in the country can equal the Capital. 

While the great national university dreamed of by George Wash- 
ington has not come into being, the number and character of educational 
institutions have grown remarkably. The fact that the city is the seat of 
Government, the home of its various Departments, and the storehouse 
of the researches of the Government since its foundation has naturally 
given impetus to the growth of schools, colleges, scientific and artistic 
institutions and societies for research. 

Under the Government there are, for instance, the Smithsonian Insti- 
tution and the National Museum with their wealth of material relating to 
natural history, ethnology, and the history of the United States. Then 
there is the Library of Congress, without a peer, of course, on the Ameri- 
can continent, the contents and service of which are available to all who 




1 — Carnegie Institution of Washington; 2— Gibbons Memorial Hall, Catholic Uni- 
versity of America; 3 — Fairmont Seminary; 4 — Smithsonian Insti- 
tution ; 5 — Laboratory of Industrial Research. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



Z7 




SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. 

1 — Trinity College; 2 — Washington Seminary; 3 — Immaculata Seminary; 4 — Belcourt 
Seminary; 5 — National Cathedral School for Boys; 6 — Saint Agnes' School. 



would use them. The statistical and scientific bureaus of the various 
Departments with their equipment for study and research are also avail- 
able to the student and scholar in Washington. For scientific research 
the Army Medical Museum, the Hygienic Laboratory, the Bureau of 
Standards, the Botanical and Zoological Gardens, the Geological Survey, 
the Naval Observatory, and other facilities provided by the Government 
form a field of opportunity not available elsewhere. For the art and 
music student there is the Corcoran Art Gallery, the art societies and 
theatres providing a wide range of opportunity. The city itself with its 
notable sculpture, painting and architecture provides a subject of study of 
a character unequaled, of course, in any other city. During the fall and 
winter months the gatherings of the many scientific and artistical socie- 
ties afford opportunity to hear lecturers and orators of national and inter- 
national importance. 



38 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




Madison Hall School. 



Another feature of special interest 
to students and scholars are the 
many national and international con- 
ventions and congresses that meet in 
Washington. It was a rare oppor- 
tunity, for instance, for those in 
Washington to attend the sessions of 
the great International Congress on 
Hygiene and Demography that was 
held in Washington in 1912, the 
first time it had ever been held in 
the United States. 

Another and by no means unim- 
portant educational advantage is the presence of the nation's legislators 
in Congress. The House of Representatives and the Senate of the 
United States furnish opportunity for observation and study unequalled 
elsewhere. To the student of American history the archives of the Govern- 
ment and the many visible and tangible objects connected with the 
country's history are an inspiration. 

Five Universities. 

Four notable universities are established, and a fifth has now in- 
creased its endowment to a point where it is nearly ready to receive stu- 
dents. Georgetown University is the oldest of these, and is the oldest 
and largest Jesuit institution of learning in the country. It was founded 
in 1789. The university has affiliated with it a college of liberal arts, 
a well equipped medical college and hospital, a college of law with some 
of the nation's most eminent lawyers and jurists upon its faculty, a 
museum of historic objects and a famous astronomical observatory. The 
Catholic University is a notable institution of learning with extensive 
equipment and facilities. It is by all odds the most important Catholic 
seat of learning in the United States. George Washington University 
has a medical department with an admirable hospital, a department of 
arts and sciences, a college of pharmacy, and a law college. The en- 
dowment of that university is now being largely increased. Howard Uni- 
versity was chartered in 1867. It is complete in its university work and 

facilities, as are the other two uni- 
versities. The American University 
represents the Methodist denomina- 
tion in the United States, and it is 
the purpose of that denomination to 
establish at the National Capital an 
institution of learning comparable to 
that established by the Catholic 
Church. It has a beautiful site at 
the nor^western end of Massa- 
chusetts Avenue, and already there 
have been erected two univ«#- 
sity buildings. A college of grafi- 
uate study will be opened June 4, 
by the American University. This 
"" will mark the first opening of the 
doors of the institution to students, 
Hamilton School. and has becomc possible largely 




THE NEW WASHINGTON 



39 



through a bequest made by 
the late president of the 
board of trustees of the 
university, Dr. David H. 
Carroll, of Baltimore. There 
are six colleges: Galludet, 
Gonzaga, St. Johns, Trinity, 
St. Austin's, and Holy 
Cross. The first is an in- 
stitution for the education 
of deaf mutes. There is 
a highly efificient college of 
law for women students 
and many of the alumna 
of the Washington College 
of Law have been admitted 
to practice before the Su- 
preme Court of the United 
States There are three law schools and in all there are facilities for 
stuay tor those who are engaged during the day. 

Private Schools and Colleges. 

For preparatory and collegiate courses Washington is remarkablv 
T?.^^\^''^' KT^'' educational institutions. There are overTxty of 
these. Among them are the Belcourt Seminary, the Emerson Institute 
Fairmont Semmary, Hamilton School, the Academy of the £Ty Cross Im: 
^.TH'^^QT^"f^.' Madison Hall School, Manchester Hall, the National 
Cathedral Schoo for Boys, the National Cathedral School for Girls St 
Agnes' School, the Washington Collegiate School which also has in con- 




Manchester Hall School. 




1-Howard University, one of the buildings; 2-McKinley Manual Training School; 
3— Business High School; 4— Western High School. 



40 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



Georgetown 
University. 




Georgetown College. 



junction with it the Washington College Summer School at Mountain Lake 
Park, Maryland, and Washington Seminary. There are also efficient 
institutions for commercial and other special work. 

Among the business schools are Strayer's Business College, the Lake 
School, and the Temple School. 

This great array of educational institutions attracts to Washington 
many thousands of students from every part of North America. There is 
an increasing number of students from South American countries also, and 
this movement is being especially encouraged by the Southern Commer- 
cial Congress. 

Excellent Public Schools. 

For the permanent resident in Washington there is available in ad- 
dition to these institutions a public educational system of the highest 
standard. The Washington public schools are known throughout the 
country. Primary, grammar school, high school, manual training, business 
and commercial departments with separate buildings and instructors, for 
white and colored, are provided in Washington's public school system. 
The system is under the direction of a Board of Education whose mem- 
bers are appointed by the Justices of the Supreme Court of the District 
of Columbia. 



"The original plans of the city of Washington have been 
wrought out with a constant progress and a signal success even 
beyond anything their framers could have foreseen. The people 
of the country are justly proud of the distinctive beauty and 
government of the capital, and of the rare instruments of 
science and education which here find their natural home." — 
President William McKinley, in annual Message to Congress, 
December, 1898. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 
Other Facilities for Study. 



41 



Supplementing the work of these various facilities for learning in no 
unimportant way are the Young Men's and Young Women's Christian 
Associations. Both of these organizations have largely attended educa- 
tional departments, which are under the direction of able and efficient 
instructors. The Carnegie Institution is the leading semi-public organiza- 
tion for encouragement of research and the application of its results to the 
improvement of mankind. A step further was proposed this year at the 
fiftieth anniversary convention of the National Academy of Sciences 
when it was proposed by Dr. Ira Remson that the Academy be suitably 
housed in Washington and that it be used by the United States Govern- 
ment as a clearing house for scientific work and knowledge. 

The future also holds promise of the realization of George Wash- 
ington's ideal and plan for a great national university at the Capital. 
This idea is deeply rooted in the minds of Americans and it is safe to 
say that with the discussion and interest about it in recent years its estab- 
lishment is not far distant. 

Mention should be made also of the District of Columbia's correc- 
tional institutions. These are well conducted training schools for those 
whom the law commits to them. One of these institutions, The National 
Training School for Boys, has one of the most attractive grounds and set 
of buildings of any institution in the District. Boys here are taught to 
become useful citizens. 

School Travel to Capital. 

That Washington is appreciated as an educational center not only by 
those who come here to study but by students in schools elsewhere is 
clearly shown by the great influx of students and teachers who come 




NATIONAL CATHEDRAL SCHOOL FOR GIRLS. 



42 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




1 — Mon Repos Sanitarium; 2 — Academy of the Holy Cross; 3 — Main Building, 
National Training School for Boys; 4 — Y, M, C. A. 

to spend at least a few days and in many cases a week or two at the 
Capital. It has become a widely general custom for graduating classes 
of public high schools and private preparatory schools annually to make 
Washington a visit. From New England alone at each Easter vacation 
the railroads bring in from three to five thousand pupils and teachers and 
this spring 500 school teachers from Canada spent a week seeing the sights 
of the Capital of the United States. 



"Washington is the only city in which every citizen of the 
Republic may claim an equal share and feel an equal pride. It 
is the capital both of the Nation and of the people. From the 
Canadian border to the Mexican border every citizen may say: 
'This is my capital,' and take equal pride in it. And it is the 
only city in the land of which they may thus feel and speak." — 
Thomas Nelson Page, February 18, 1913. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



43 




WASHINGTON COLLEGIATE SCHOOL. 
Scenes at Washington Collegiate Summer School. 



44 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




HOMES OF WASHINGTON BANKS. 

1 — Riggs National Bank, at left, and American Security & Trust Company, at right; 

2 — National Savings and Trust Co. ; 3 — Washington and Southern Bank, 

and A. G. Plant & Co. ; 4 — Continental Trust Co., at left hand 

corner; Commercial National Bank on the corner, and 

Union Savings Bank at right. 

FINANCIAL IMPORTANCE 



WASHINGTON enjoys a unique advantage over every other city in 
the country in respect to its banks, in that not only the national 
banks, but the trust companies and savings banks are all under the 
direct supervision of the Comptroller of the currency. They make their 
reports on call, as do the national banks. Therefore, for purposes of safety 
the trust companies and savings banks of the District are on the same 
footing as the national banks. 

The growth of banks in Washington reflects the^ growth of the 
Capital City. There are now eleven national banks, with resources of 
over $56,000,000 ; six trust companies, with resources of nearly $50,000,000, 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 45 

and fifteen savings and commercial banks, with total resources of 
$12,500,000. At the time of publication there is now about to open a 
seventh trust company, with a capitalization of $2,000,000, the entire stock 
of which was oversubscribed in half a day. 

The growth of Washington in the past quarter century, as personally 
observed and actively participated in by a Washington banker, is clearly 
and strikingly brought out by E. Southard Parker, president of the 
Union Savings Bank. He shows that in 1887 there was not a trust 
company in the city and only one savings bank. 

"The banking business in Washington has had a marvelous growth," 
he says. "For many years prior to 1887 it was in what might be called 
a quiescent state, and there had not been a bank started for over twenty 
years, when, and in the short space of three years thereafter the number 
of banks was doubled and the capitalization was trebled. 

"Twenty-five years ago the deposits in the national banks amounted 
to $15,000,000. Today the national banks, the trust companies and the 
savings banks have upward of $80,000,000, or nearly a 600 per cent. gain. 
The deposits in the savings banks today, and there was only one savings 
bank in Washington twenty-five years ago, are now as much as the national 
banks had then, and the trust companies have as much money on deposit 
as the national banks have at this time." 

Periods of general financial stress are rarely felt in Washington. 
The steady payment by the Federal Government of employees assures 
a very large item of constant circulation of ready cash. Washington 
securities, public utility, and certain industrial bonds, building bonds, 
and stocks of local enterprises have had a record of unusual stability 
and profitableness, and there is always a ready market for them. 

Market for the South. 

Washington bankers are now realizing a new field of business de- 
velopment, and are reaching out to the South and marketing many 
securities which have been in the habit of passing by the doors of the 
capital to New York. With the growth of the South, the growth of this 
character of business will undoubtedly be of very large proportions. 
Another prominent banker, J. Selwin Tait, president of the Washington 
and Southern Bank, points out the opportunity the Capital has to develop 
business with the South. He says : 

"A glance at the map will show the favorable and central situation 
occupied by the Capital City, and more particularly its accessibility to 
such important States as Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina. 

"It is interesting to note how the average wealth of these States has 
increased in recent 3^ears, and we obtain the following figures from the 
Manufacturers' Record. The three States mentioned have increased their 
savings bank and trust company deposits between 1880 and 1911 as 
follows : 

1880. 1911. 

Virginia $7,757,202 $49,765,561 

West Virginia 4,034,743 60.499.951 

North Carolina 1,596,632 45,595,830 

"H we take the figures for the South, as a whole, we find that they 
represent the following percentage of the total deposits of the country : 
1880, $117,000,000, one-twelfth; 1910, $1,056,000,000, one-tenth; 1911, 
$1,184,000,000, one-ninth. 



46 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



"From the foregoing it will be noted that not only is the increase 
steady but that it shows a larger relative proportion of the country's 
wealth each year. 

"During the period referred to the growth of the railroad mileage 
of the three States is as follows: Virginia, from 1,893 to 4,135 miles; 
West Virginia, from 691 to 3,754 miles, and North Carolma, from 1,486 
to 5,424 miles. 





ii » li II 

'iiijnii 

* I 



^ 




OFFICE BUILDINGS. 

1 Victor Building; 2 — Union Trust Building; 3 — Interstate and American National 

Bank Buildings; 4 — Washington Loan and Trust Building. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 47 

"Manufactured products increased between 1880 and 1909 as follows : 
Virginia, $51,781,000 to $219,784,000; West Virginia, $22,867,000 to 
$161,960,000, and North Carolina, $20,095,000 to $216,614,000. 

"In addition to this remarkable growth the capital investment in 
manufactories shows a percentage increase in the five years ended 1909 
as follows : Virginia, 46 per cent ; North Carolina, 54 per cent ; West 
Virginia, 74 per cent. 

"The moneys invested in buildings, machinery, etc., show a still 
greater increase. Thus, between 1900 and 1909, the investment in build- 
ings, machinery, etc., increased in Virginia 134 per cent, in West Virginia, 
207 per cent, and in North Carolina, 218 per cent, with a corresponding 
increase in the output through such machinery, etc., as follows : Virginia, 
102 per cent, or $111,150,000; West Virginia, 141 per cent, or $94,953,000; 
North Carolina, 155 per cent, or $131,340,000. 

'Tt is only natural to expect that this growth will continue and even 
increase, with a constantly increasing demand for banking facilities, and 
as Washington is the natural banking center for the States referred to, 
it only needs the right kind of bank and proper form of charter to enable 
it to meet the needs of the condition and handle the situation. 

"Under the proper auspices Washington should rapidly become to 
the South the banking center which New York is now to the country at 
large, and it is only a question of time before this will be brought about 
and the Southern States recognize the desirability of Washington as 
their banking center." 

Clearings Treble. 

In the past twelve years the clearings of the Washington banks 
have increased from $129,000,000 in 1900, to $392,000,000 in 1912, corre- 
sponding in striking fashion, as may have been noted, with the growth 
of the city as registered by the increase in the value of real estate. 

The homes of Washington banks are notable structures in many 
instances. The trust companies, including that just formed, have build- 
ings valued at over $5,000,000. The national banks' homes are vab^ed 
at $3,212,000, and those of the savings banks reach nearly a million. 
The total involved in bank structures and fixtures is about $9,250,000. 



"It has been intimated, in these days of muckrakers, that 
Washington is more or less under the control of a set of men 
who govern the tendencies and trend of values and who man- 
age financial matters in the city in such a way as to inure to 
their own benefit, and, therefore, to the detriment of the public. 

"I have been here for the past nine years continuously. I 
believe I have been in such position as to know if eraft or undue 
gain at the expense of the public were rife or had any substan- 
tial existence. I do not mean to say that every man in Wash- 
ington, in business or in banking, is as pure and as disinterested 
as if he were a saint, but I do mean to say that, as cities go, 
there is no city in the country where there is less graft, where 
there is less food for scandal, where there is less manipulation 
for the private exploitation of individuals at the expense of the 
public, than in Washington, and that among the citizens of 
Washington there is a great deal of earnest, self-sacrificing de- 
sire to promote the interests of the city at large and of the 
people of the city." — President William H. Taft, in farewell ad- 
dress to the citizens of Washington, February 20, 1913. 



48 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




The Woodward Building, Fifteenth and H streets. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



49 



THE CITY'S INDUSTRIES 



ALTHOUGH Washington is not an industrial city, there has been an 
interesting growth in manufactures. Definite statistics showing this 
growth were recently issued by the Census Bureau covering the five 
years between 1904 and 1909, and showing comparisons with the previous 
five-year period. Exclusive of the establishments operated by the Gov- 
ernment there were in the District, in 1909, 518 factories, giving employ- 
ment to an average of 9,758 persons, to whom was paid out $6,835,000 in 
salaries and wages. The products of these factories had a value of 
$25,289,000, to produce which raw materials to the value of $10,246,000 
were consumed. 

Manufactures in the District showed a much greater increase in the 
five years from 1904 to 1909 than they did in the preceding five-year 
period. The number of establishments in 1904 was 482 and in 1899, 491, 
a decrease; the number of persons engaged in manufactures increased 
by 25.5 per cent in the last five years, but there are no figures to show the 
increase in the preceding period ; the capital invested jumped 51.3 per 
cent in the past five years, while it increased only 12.5 per cent before ; 
salaries increased 52.9 per cent, as against 38.4 per cent; wages increased 
36.4 per cent in comparison with 21 per cent, and the value of products 
increased Z7.7 per cent in the five years between 1904 and 1909 in com- 
parison with an increase of only 11.8 per cent for the five years before 
that. 




Plant of the Chapin-Sacks Mfg. Co. 
Plant of the M. C. Mitchell Co. 



Plant of the Home Ice Co. 
Plant of J. Carey King, 



50 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



Out of the 518 industries in the District there are 156 printing' and 
publishing- establishments ; seventy-one factories turning out bread and 
other bakery products ; five making malt liquors ; twenty-three foundries 
and machine shops; ten lumber factories; fifteen factories turning out 
stone work; seven making flour mill and gristmill products, and 231 
factories of other kinds. 

The bulletin also includes a census of the establishments operated 
by the Federal Government, the figures being kept separate from the 
others. There are eleven of these establishments employing 11,666 per- 
sons. The capital represented amounts to $28,479,599. Salaries of $1,016,745 
and wages of $10,663,040 were paid out in 1909 to these employees. The 
figures show a slight increase over these for 1904. Included in Govern- 
ment factories are the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, the Government 
Printing Office, the Naval Gun Factory, mail bag repair shop and other 
smaller shops in the Departments. 



i 


jvoT"o=.W-f1[^'f-v/fLi:"S5"" 


■-'^■M 



I 



BUILDING "-1 RtPA 





Motor Truck Plant of The Witt- 
Will Co. 



B. & O. R. R. Coal Trestle and Yard of 

W. W. Griffith, Established 1898. The 

annual tonnage of coal is about 

100,000 tons. 



Later the Census Bureau showed that on April 15, 1910, there were 
52,488 women, sixteen years of age and over, in the District of Columbia 
who were engaged in gainful occupations. These totals constitute 30.6 
per cent of all the females in the District at that time, or 36 per cent 
of the females over 10 years old. Of the gainfully employed women 16 
years of age and over, 13.7 per cent were from 16 to 20 years old ; 64.9 
were from 21 to 44, and 21.4 per cent were over 45 years of age. 

The question of inducing manufacturers to establish plants in the 
District has been the subject of controversy for many years. On the 
one hand there has been a disposition on the part of many men in Con- 
gress and others to discourage any attempt to build up Washington's 
industries. On the other hand, many business men of Washington have 
felt that many industries might be introduced without in any way 
interfering with the attractions of the city from a residential standpoint. 
Those industries which have been established have, on the whole, been 
highly successful, and there are many advantages from an industrial 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



51 



standpoint at the Capital. The chief of these is transportation facilities. 
Washington is an important railroad center, with admirable trackage 
facilities for shipping. Cheap sites are available, and for certain classes 
of industries — employing high-grade labor — there are many sites suitable 
for housing employees at moderate cost. Fuel is cheap and electric 
power for industrial purposes is available. At least one large manu- 
facturing plant has found its own producer-gas plant an economical form 
of power. Not only has this form of power been found economical, but 
it has served entirely to obviate any infraction of the anti-smoke law 
which obtains in the District. 

Model Industrial Plants. 

Some of the model industrial plants of the country are located 
in Washington; the Bureau of Engraving and Printing is the largest 
institution of its kind in the world, employing 1,900 men and 2,100 women. 
The Bureau, of course, turns out all of the paper money, bonds, postage 
stamps, and other engraved forms of the government, as well as the 
national bank notes. When the Bureau occupies its new building, now 
nearly completed, it will have one of the model manufacturing plants 
of the United States, from which manufacturers seeking the larest 
devices in efficiency, economy, and sanitary conditions may readily obtain 




1 — Underwood Typewriter Co.; 2 — B. B. Barnshaw & Bro., Wholesale Grocers; 

3 — Warehouse of F. P. May Hardware Co. ; 4 — G. G. Cornwell & 

Sons, Grocers; 5 — National Electrical Supply Co.; 

6 — Fidelity Storage Co. 



52 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



The Palais Royal 
Department Store 




W. B. Moses & Sons, 

Largest Retail Furniture 

and Carpet House 

in America. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



53 



ideas based on actual experience. The great Government Printing Office 
and the Naval Gun Factory are likewise industrial institutions of huge 
proportions and interesting organization. 

The field in Washington for factories turning out products for use 
by the United States Government is one which has only been recently 
appreciated. In 1906 there was established a steel factory, which manu- 
factures armor-piercing projectiles for the army and navy. This factory 
now employs about 500 men and its plant consists of ten buildings and 
368 acres of land. In this instance, although the class of industry is one 
supposed to be undesirable from a residential standpoint, there has been 
no objection from any source, illustrating clearly the contention that 
factories may be established in Washington without in any way detracting 
from the beautification of the capital. 

A Notable Industrial Success. 

Another evidence of the growth of Washington, D. C, in the past 
decade, and one of the most conspicuous examples of the success of prop- 
erly conducted industry, not only in Washington, but in the whole country, 
is furnished by the plant of the Corby Company, manufacturers and 
shippers of pure compressed yeast. Well within the period since 1900, 
when the new Washington received its great impetus, the business of this 
company has been created and developed to its present large proportions. 
The company was organized just eight years ago. Its land now covers 
ten city blocks in area and its buildings have an aggregate floor space of 
nearly ten acres. 

The company is an independent organization, a direct development 




PLANT OF THE CORBY COMPANY. 



54 THE NEW WASHINGTON 

of the Corby Brothers Baking Company, another important factor in the 
business life of the capital. The need, experience by the baking company 
for yeast of absolute uniformity and purity, which was unobtainable, led 
to the organization of the Corby Company. Its product was designed at 
first for the use of the baking company, but other bakers, learning of its 
great strength and purity, asked to be supplied and the demand has con- 
tinued, until at the present time the daily output averages about eight 
tons. This is shipped direct from the factory to baker by express, and 
shipments go to all parts of the United States, Canada, Newfoundland, 
the Panama Canal Zone, and to Europe. Old methods of distribution 
have been eliminated and the company has perfected a system of direct 
shipment that has done away entirely with all middlemen and all handling 
between the plant and the baker who receives it. 

To insure this method of shipment and to produce what experts de- 
clare is the highest known quality of yeast in the world, the company 
has spared neither effort nor expense. To insure a daily supply of yeast 
against any possibility of failure through injury to machinery or plant, 
the company has installed thousands of dollars worth of duplicate ma- 
chinery and made all buildings fire-proof. Large additional expense has 
been and is daily being incurred for original scientific research, trained 
scientists, and every means, scientific or otherwise, is used to produce the 
most nearly perfect product. It is this high ideal which the company has 
set for itself, it is asserted, that is largely responsible for the remarkable 
success and growth of the business. The plant is visited by bakers who 
come from all parts of the country to combine a sight-seeing trip to the 
Capital with one of inspection of the company's now famous plant. 

The District of Columbia Paper Manufacturing Co. is another local 
corporation demonstrating the possibiHty of industrial success at the 
Capital. Organized in the centennial year, 1900, with a capital stock of 
$50,000, the company increased this in 1909 to $300,000 and since 1906 
dividends of 6 per cent have been paid annually. It ships its product 
of cover and blotting papers to all parts of the country. The cover 
paper used in this publication is one of the products of this plant. 



"You will consider it as the capital of a great nation, ad- 
vancing with unexampled rapidity in arts, in commerce, in 
wealth, and in population, and possessing within itself those 
energies and resources which, if not thrown away or lamentably 
misdirected, will secure to it a long course of prosperity and 
self-government." — President John Adams, in Message to Con- 
gress, November 17, 1800. 



"The dream of George Washington is fast becoming reality. 
He looked upon the future capital as the center of art and 
le=irning. He looked forward to a great city with beautiful 
avenues and streets, stately buildings, classic and grand, worthy 
of the great Republic. All this has been realized. It takes no 
prophetic eye to see in Washington in the near future the queen 
Capital City of all the nations of the earth, worthy of the great 
Republic." Representative Sereno E. Payne, in Speech at the 
Capitol, December 12, 1900. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



55 




Washington Commercial 
Houses 



i!iri!i:isi, 



1 — J. B. Kendall Co., iron and steel; 2 — R. P. Andrews Paper Co.; 3 — Cigar Factory 
and Store of Henry T. Offterdinger; 4 — F. P. May Hardware Co.; 
5 — Brentano's Building in which are the offices of the Wash- 
ington Chamber of Commerce — at left, Carroll 
Electric Co. 



56 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




1 — William Hahn & Co., shoes; 2— Stumph & Lyford, furniture; 3 — Parker, Bridget 
& Co., clothing; 4 — J. E. Hanger, Inc.. artificial limbs; American 
Dairy Supply, bottle caps; 5 — Ninth Street view, with M. A. 
Leese, optician, in foreground; 6 — Saks & Co., cloth- 
ing, and Jos. Strasburger Co., shoes. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



57 



COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE 



THROUGH the enterprise and activity of the business men of Washing- 
ton the city has made a remarkable advance in its commercial interests 
since 1900. Up to that time little attention was given to the question of 
developing the commerce of the city. The great commercial emporium of 
which George Washington dreamed, had long been forgotten and it was the 
common habit of a large number to go to Baltimore. Philadelphia, and 
New York for retail shopping. Today the retail stores of Washington 
have grown in number and character to such an extent that these stores 
are npt only supplying the demands of the most fastidious residents of 
the city, but they are reaching out for, and have already developed a 
wide field of rural trade. Within a radius of 40 miles to the east 
and north, and from 150 to 300 miles to the west and south come custom- 
ers to the retail stores of Washington. This field of trade has been 
largely developed through enterprise of the city's merchants in co-opera- 
tive effort. Today there are twelve large department stores, eighty-two 
dry goods stores, fifty-two hardware stores, 335 drug stores, about 300 re- 
tail grocery stores, and a large number of other retail establishments. 

The merchants of the city are thoroughly organized and the spirit 
of co-operation and mutual benefit predominates. 

In the wholesale field Washington's trade has been extended largely 
throughout the South and nearly all of the wholesale houses in the past 
few years have been compelled greatly to increase their facilities and 
quarters. There are now eight large wholesale grocery houses, fourteen 
wholesale lumber merchants, thirty-three electrical machinery and supply 
concerns, sixty-five commission merchants, two wholesale drug concerns, 
four wholesale paper and stationery houses, two of which have erected 




The People's Mutual Benefit Insurance Co. 



Real Estate Title Insurance Co. 
Columbia Title Insurance Co. 



58 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




1 — R. Harris & Co., jewelers; 2 — Home of the Equitable Life Insurance Co.; 
3 — Gude Bros., florists; 4 — Mercantile Cooperative Bank. 



large new buildings within the past year, and many other wholesale 
concerns. For the wholesale trade, transportation facilities are admirable. 
All of the great railway systems of the South converge at Washington 
and adequate transportation is furnished by water. With the opening 
of the Panama Canal the increase in prosperity of the surrounding 
country, which must be affected by the increased activities at the South 
Atlantic ports, is sure to be felt in Washington, if the city itself does 
not share in this new trade. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



59 



Transportation Facilities. 

In the rearrangement of the raih'oads incident to the changes made 
at the time of the construction of the Union Station a few years ago, 
there was inchided an admirable provision for future facilities for com- 
mission and produce houses. The plans for the acquisition by the Gov- 
ernment of all the land between Pennsylvania Avenue and the Mall and 
the Capitol grounds and Fourteenth Street for the purpose of erection 
of public buildings, has already been described. On a part of this prop- 
erty near the new National Museum, many of the wholesale houses, and 
practically all of the provision and commission houses of the city are 
located. These, of course, will eventually have to find new homes. It 
was with this contingency in view that provision was made in the south- 
western section of the cit}', where the railroads enter from the South, and 
adjacent also to the water front and wharves. A large tract of ground 
has been set aside there, upon which, when occasion requires, may be 
erected buildings for the accommodation of these business houses. The 
plans call for shifting of cars on side tracks directly to the buildings 
themselves, and on such a grade that goods can be taken into the build- 




A PART OF WASHINGTON'S WATERFRONT. 

View from top of Washington Monument, showing Washington Channel. 

Army War College in distance. 



60 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




Office Building of 
Swartzell, Rheem & Hensey. 



ings and moved through to 
wagons on the other side for dis- 
tribution through the city. If 
goods come by water, the wharves 
are immediately adjacent so that 
cartage is reduced to a minimum. 
In addition to this admirable 
plan, and supplementing it, there 
has been erected by private capital 
an extensive cold-storage plant, 
with provision for future increase 
of capacity sufficient for many 
years. Cars bringing provisions 
and produce to the commission 
houses can be shunted directly 
into the cold-storage plant, if 
goods are to be stored, and un- 
loaded without cartage in the 
storehouse itself. The plant is 
fully equipped with its own ice- 
manufacturing machinery, which is run by power generated in the plant 
by producer-gas engines. The railroads have made provision for future 
needs of wholesale houses in two other sections of the city adequate to 
meet all future requirements. Adjacent to one of these terminals is the 
largest hay storehouse in the South, where hay is unloaded directly from 
the cars. 

Prestige Returning. 

Something of the old commercial prestige of Georgetown is begin- 
ning to return. Georgetown, in the days of Washington, was an import- 
ant seaport, enjoying trade with England and the West Indies. This 
port, however, like that of Alexandria, dwindled to very small proportions 
by the middle of the last century. But in the last few years the Baltimore 
and Ohio Railroad has run a branch line from its main line directly into 
the city along the ancient water front and established adequate terminal 
facilities for the handling of freight. Advantage of this has been taken 
and already a large volume of shipping by rail has been developed. In one 
instance, for example, a paper factory is daily shipping many car loads 
of high grade paper to all parts of the United States. Dockage facilities 
here also are good and the channel is suited to vessels of deep draught. 
While the project has as yet not materialized, plans have been under con- 
sideration for several years to make this section the Atlantic seaboard 
terminus of a great trunk line. Here would be the connecting point for 
ocean vessels which would receive the export freight of the road. 



"The United States will live; and with them Washington 
will live, expanding, multiplying, beautifying, enlightening, with 
every turn of the prodigious wheel of which it is the axle." — 
Senator John W. Daniel in Speech at the Capitol, December 
12, 1900. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



61 




WASHINGTON HOTELS. 

1— The Arlington (now razed); 2— The Hamilton; 3— The New Ebbitt; 4— The 
Raleigh; 5 — The New Willard ; 6 — The Metropolitan. 

The Convention City. 

Washington is easily the favorite city of the country for holding 
large conventions, and without doubt it has demonstrated its ability 
comfortably to entertain larger crowds than any other city. To anv one 
who has attended an Inauguration of the President of the United States 
this is a self-evident fact. At the Inauguration of President Wilson 
300,000 visitors came to the city and were entertained without discomfort. 

More great gatherings come to Washington than to any other city. 
The hotels of the Capital are organized to carry high-peak loads. For 



62 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




1— Hotel Shoreham; 2— Hotel Driscoll ; 3— Tea Cup Inn; 4— Hotel Fritz Reuter : 
5— The Florida Inn; 6— The Lafayette Arms; 7 — Hotel Sterling. 



delegates to conventions the city possesses more attractions than any 
other and gives the delegate an opportunity to see his National Capital 
while attending to the affairs of his convention. For organizations that 
hold conventions for the purpose of promoting any propaganda m which 
they are interested, Washington also affords greater facilities for publicity 
than any other center. Here are gathered more newspaper correspond- 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 6Z 

ents than in any other city of the United States. Practically every news- 
paper in the country, in Canada, and many in Europe have their personal 
representative in Washington, so that here the facilities for disseminating 
news about the business of a convention are the greatest. 

The Chamber of Commerce adds to the natural advantages of the 
city as a place for organizations in convention by offering every assistance 
and courtesy in the power of the business men of the city. At the rate 
at which the number of organizations holding conventions are making 
Washington their meeting place, it is evident that within a short time 
most of the national conventions of the country will be held in this city. 




Hotel Winston — First street, N. W. 

Civic Organizations. 

Although the people of the District of Columbia are without a vote, 
the only American citizens who are denied the right of suffrage even in 
their own local affairs, there is probably no city in the country where there 
is displayed a deeper and more intelligent interest in questions of munic- 
ipal administration than in the city of W^ashington. 

The Chamber of Commerce is unlike other organizations of its kind 
in other cities in that it considers matters not only pertaining to commerce 
and industry and the business interests of its members, but it is a forum 
where each month or more frequently every matter of municipal admin- 
istration and proposed legislation affecting the District is thoroughly dis- 
cussed. This also applies to the Board of Trade, the Federation of Cit- 
izens' Associations, and some thirty citizens' associations organized in as 
many different sections of the city. 

The District Commissioners and the District Committees of Congress 
have come to regard these organizations as their chief advisors in matters 
of proposed legislation. In these organizations the sentiment of the 
whole community is crystallized and their resolutions form a quasi sub- 
stitute for the ballot. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




1 — New Fredonia Hotel; 2 — Hotel Lincoln; 3 — Dewey Hotel; 4 — Hotel Engel; 
5 — Hotel Logan; 6 — New Bancroft. 



Food Supply. 

To those who would make Washington their permanent place of res- 
idence the question of the city's food supply is most important. The Cap- 
ital is fortunate in being situated close to the trucking and fruit producing 
sections of the South, and to the markets of Washington come fresh the 
year round an abundance of produce and table delicacies at the lowest 
prices. Washington enjoys' also a sea-food supply surpassed by no other 
city in the country. This in itself is an especial attraction to many who 
are denied sea-food because of distance from the ocean. Markets and 
grocery stores are scattered over the entire Distri:: and there is no sec- 
tion where there is inconvenience in this respect The markets of the 
city, especially Center Market and Riggs Market, arc patronized by many 
housekeepers who prefer to do their marketing in person. 

Where Center Market now stands there has been a public market 
since the founding of the city. With the increase in the city's population 
and its prosperity, this market has kept pace — the open sheds of President 
John Adams' time being replaced in Jackson's time by building somewhat 
better, but yet of the open-shed character, almost unusual in inclement 
weather. With the new and greater Washington that followed the Civil 
War, among the improvements that came, one of the important ones was 
the erection of the present commodious Center Market building. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



65 



Center 
Market. 




New Terminal Cold 
Storage and Ice Plant 
of the 
.Washington Market Co 




Riggs 
Market. 



Within the last three years all stands upon which meats, poultry, and 
fish are exposed for sale have been replaced by stands of concrete, white 
tile and marble. 

Travellers say that on the 600 stalls of Center Market are offered a 
greater variety of the edible products of the earth, fresher and at lower 
prices, than in any market seen in all their travels. 

The meat and food supply of the city is carefully supervised and 
scrutinized by an efficient and alert Health Department. 



"Washington intended this to be a Federal city, and it is a 
Federal City, and it tingles down to the feet of every man, 
whether he comes from Washington State, or Los Angeles, or 
Texas, when he comes and walks these city streets and starts 
to feel that 'this is my city; I own a part of this Capital, and I 
envy for the time being those who are able to spend their time 
here.' "—President William H. Taft, May 8, 1909. 



66 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 





COLUMBIA COUNTRY CLUB. 
CHEVY CHASE CLUB. 



Washington — A Model City. 

The inspiration that led the founders to design a city that would be 
a model physically, has extended in these later days to move many to 
a desire to make Washington a model in every respect. 

A model in government, in efficient municipal administration, in home 
building, street lighting, sanitary engineering, in education, policing, and 
in regulation of its public utilities, is the ideal to which more than passing 
interest is being given. President Wilson has already been deeply im- 
pressed with this conception of a capital city, and has retained in office 
the Economy and Efficiency Commission, largely for this purpose. The 
application of the principle of a model city has been extended even to 
the purpose of establishing in Washington a children's museum. Miss 
Julia Lathrop, who is developing the new Children's Bureau of the 
Government, makes this suggestion in the following language : 

"Can you not imagine a day when the Government should find it 
reasonable to set up in Washington some children's Smithsonian, some 
living museum, some palace for the youth of our land, in which should 
be installed, not only in historical array the story of the life of the 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



67 



various types of children in the world, the Indian and the Eskimo, but 
where there should be set forth the best knowledge of the world about 
the care of children, and where there should be exemplified day by day 
in a sublimated and humanized laboratory fashion the best sort of nursery 
care, of teaching', of industrial training, of employment for children, of 
recreation and exercise and all the means of innocent pleasure? What 
could add a finer grace to this city than such a palace? What 
could be a more reasonable expression of that concern for the growing 
one-third of our people, who will fill the places of those of us who are 
now grown, and who will do their task as much better than we as we by 
our equipment of them make possible? Do we not owe it to them, not 
today nor tomorrow, but when the time is ripe, to get up here a noble 
democratic house from which may be sent out all our growing knowledge, 
which shall serve the health, the fruitful education, and the useful work, 
and the joy of living, of our children?" 

Park For Sport. 

Still another phase of this ideal is expressed by the plan of Colonel 
Spencer Cosby, Superintendent of Public Buildings and Grounds, who 
is also the executive officer of the Fine Arts Commission. Colonel Cosby 
would give over about 370 acres of Potomac Park for the establishment 
of a great park for sports, where golf links, baseball diamonds, tennis 
courts, and a great stadium in which the annual Army and Navy football 
game and other great national and international sporting events should 
be held. 

Washington is already the model city of the world in respect to city 
planning, and its example has given an unmeasured impetus to the idea 
of city planning throughout the world. 

The rapid change of the form of many municipal governments to 
the commission plan may in large measure be laid to the highly satisfac- 
tory manner in which that form of government has worked out in 
Washington. 




The Washington Club. 



The Commercial Club 
(Present Quarters.) 



68 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




Metropolitan. 
Commercial. 



WASHINGTON CLUBS. 



University 
Army and Navy. 



"Every loyal American has a personal pride in the beauty 
of Washington and in its development and growth. There is 
no one with a proper appreciation of our Capital City who 
would favor a niggardly policy in respect to expenditures from 
the national Treasury to add to the attractiveness of this city, 
which belongs to every citizen of the entire country, and which 
no citizen visits without a sense of pride of ownership." — Pres- 
ident William H. Taft, in special message to Congress, Decem- 
ber 19, 1912. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



69 




1 — Walter Reed Army Hospital; 2 — John Dickson Home for Aged Men; 3 — Wil- 
lard Memorial Building at Garfield Hospital; 4 — Washington San- 
itarium; 5 — George Washington University Hospital. 




FROVIDENCE HOSPITAL. 



70 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 








St. Gauden's "Grief," Rock Creek Cemetery 



Lafayette Statue, Lafayette Square. 



STATUES 



Washingtonj is a city of interesting and instructive statues in the circles, public 
parks, triangles and squares at the intersections of streets and avenues have been 
placed, from time to time as the city grew, statues in commemoration of men w^ho 
have played important parts in the history of the nation. The location and the name 
of the sculptor of each is given. The care of these statues is entrusted by the Gov- 
ernment to the Superintend of Public Buildings and Grounds, who is an officer of the 
United States Army. 

One of the most notable groups of statuary in the city is now (July, 1913) in 
course of erection, the memorial to General U. S. Grant. This important group 
will form the chief feature of adornment and interest in what one day will be Union 
Square, proposed as a part of the scheme of the Senate Park Commission. Henry 
M. Shrady, of New York, is the sculptor and designor. 

The other important statues of the city are the following: 

Carroll, Archbishop John. Georgetown College Campus. 

Columbus, Christopher. Union Station Plaza. (Lorado Taft.) 

Daguerre, Louis J. M. Smithsonian Grounds. (J. S. Hartley.) 

Dupont, Admiral Samuel F. Dupont Circle, Massachusetts avc, Nineteenth st. and 

New Hampshire ave. (Launt Thompson.) 
Farragut, Admiral David G. Farragut Square, Connecticut ave and K st. (Vinnie 

Ream Hoxie.) 
Franklin, Benjamin. Pennsylvania ave. and Tenth st. (Jacques Jouvenal.) 
Frederick the Great, War College grounds, Washington Barracks. (Presented to the 

United States by the present Emperor of Germany.) 
Garfield, President James A. Maryland avc. and First st. S. W. 
Greene, Major General Nathanael. Md. ave. and Fourth st. N. F. 
Gross, Dr. Samuel. Smithsonian grounds. (A. S. Calder.) 
Hahnemann, Dr. Samuel Christian Friedrich. Scott Circle, east 

Nieuhaus.) 
Hancock, General Winfield S. Penna. ave. and Seventh st. (Henry EHicott.) 



(J. Q. A. Ward.) 



c 



K. Brown.) 
side. (C. H. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



71 




NOTABLE STATUES. 
1— McPherson; 2— Sherman ; 3— von Steuben; 4— Paul Jones; 5— Kosciusko; 

6 — Hahnemann ; 7 — Garfield. 

Henry, Professor Joseph. Smithsonian grounds. (W. W. Story.) 

Jackson General Andrew. Center of Lafayette Square. (Clark Mills.) 

Jones, Commodore John Paul. Foot of Seventeenth street. (C. H. Nieuhaus.) 

Koscmszko Gen. Thaddeus. Northeast corner Lafayette Square. (Antonio Popiel.) 

l^atayette Marquis de. Southeast corner Lafayette Square. Statues of Rochambeau 

and Uuportail, of the army, and De Grasse and D'Estaing of the navy, are on the 
_ pedestal. (A. Falguiere and A. Mercie.) 
Lincoln. Abraham. John Marshall Place and D street. (Lot Flannery.) 
Lincoln, Abraham. The Lincoln statute in Lincoln Park, East Capitol and Eleventh 

sts, IS known as the Emancipation Statue. (Thomas Ball.) 
Logan, General John A. Iowa Circle, Rhode Island ave. and Thirteenth st. (F. 

oimmons.) 
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth. Connecticut ave. and N st. (Wm. Couper.) 



72 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




CHURCHES OF THE CAPITAL. 

1 — New York Avenue Presbyterian; 2 — Church of the Ascension, Episcopal; 3 — 

Metropolitan M. E, ; 4 — Luther Memorial; 5 — All Souls' Unitarian; 6 — 

Grace Reformed, Dutch; 7 — St. Patrick's, Catholic. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



7Z 



Luther, Martin. Thomas Circle. Vermont ave. and Fourteenth st. (Cast in 

Germany from models of Reitschel's centerpiece of the memoral at Worms.) 
McClellan, General George B. Conn, avenue and Columbia road. (F. MacMonnies.) 
McPherson, Maj-General James B. McPherson Square, Vermont ave. and Fifteenth 

St. (L. L. Rebisso.) 
Marshall, Chief Justice John. West front of Capitol. (W. W. Story.) 
Peace Monument. Pennsylvania ave. and First st. (F. Simmons.) 
Pike, Albert. Third and D streets. (G. Trentanovi.) 

Pulaski, Count Casimir. Penna. ave. and Thirteenth st Casimir Chqdzinski.) 
Rawlins, Maj.-Gen. John A. Pennsylvania ave. and Ninth st. (J. Bailey.) 
■Rochambeau, Comte de. Southwest corner Lafayette Square. (M. Hamar.) 
Rush, Dr. Benjamin. Naval Museum of Hygiene, Twenty-third and E sts. 
Scott, General Winfield. Scott Circle, Massachusetts ave. and Sixteenth st. (.H. 

K. Brown. 
Scott, General Winfield. Soldiers' Home grounds. (lyaunt Thompson.) 
Shepherd, Alexander R. Pennsylvania ave. and Fourteenth st. (U. S. J. Dunbar.) 
Sheridan, General Philip Henry. Sheridan Circle, Massachusetts ave. and Twenty- 
third St. (J. O. A. Ward.) 
Sherman, General \Villiam Tecumseh. Plaza south of the Treasury. (Carl Rohl 

Smith.) 
Stephenson Grand Army Memorial. Seventh st. and I/Ouisiana ave. (J. M. Rhind.) 
Steuben, Baron von. Northwest corner Lafayette Square. 
Thomas, General George H. Thomas Circle, Fourteenth st. and Massachusetts ave. 

(J. O. A. Ward.) 
Washington, George. Washington Circle, Pennsylvania ave. and Twenty-third st. 

(Clark Mills.) 
Washington, George. Capitol plaza. (Horatio Greenough.) 
Webster, Daniel. West Side of Scott Circle. (G. Trentanovi.) 
Witherspoon, John. Connecticut ave. and N st. (William Couper.) 

EMBASSIES AND LEGATIONS 



Argentina, 1728 Twenty-first street. 
Austria-Hungary, 1304 Eighteenth street. 
Belgium, 2011 Massachusetts avenue. 
Bolivia, 1633 Sixteenth street. 
Brazil, 1013 Sixteenth street. 
Chile, 1327 Sixteenth street. 
China, 2001 Nineteenth street. 
Colombia, The Portland. 
Costa Rica, 1329 Eighteenth street. 
Cuba, 1018 Vermont avenue. 
Denmark, 1605 Twenty-second street, 
Dominican Republic, Southern Bldg. 
France, 2460 Sixteenth street. 
Germany, 1435 Massachusetts avenue. 
Great Britain, 1300 Connecticut avenue. 
Greece, The Wyoming Apartment. 
Guatemala. 1745 Rhode Island avenue. 
Haiti, 1429 Rhode Island avenue. 
Honduras, The Gordon. 



Italy, 1400 New Hampshire avenue. 

Japan, 1321 K street. 

Mexico, 1413 I street. 

Netherlands (Holland), 1901 F street. 

Nicaragua, Stoneleigh Court. 

Norway, Wyoming Apartment. 

Panama, The Portland. 

Persia, The Netherlands. 

Peru, 2223 R street. 

Portugal, Stoneleigh Court. 

Russia, 1701 K street. 

Salvador, The Bellevue. 

Siam, 1721 Rhode Island avenue. 

Spain, 2620 Sixteenth street. 

Sweden, 1820 N street. 

Switzerland. 2013 Hillyer Place. 

Turkey, 1711 Connecticut avenue. 

Uruguay, 1734 N street. 

Venezuela, 1017 Sixteenth street. 




Franciscan Monastery at Brookland, D. C. 



74 THE NEW WASHINGTON 

THE AMERICAN COMMISSION 
To Investigate European Agricultural Cooperation 

At the Fourth Annual Convention of The Southern Com- 
mercial Congress, held in Nashville, Tenn., in April, 1912, which 
was devoted to ''The Educational and Agricultural Recovery 
of the South, ' ' the directors of the Congress were instructed to 
organize a special committee to visit Europe during the Sum- 
mer of 1913 for the purpose of studying agricultural coopera- 
tion and suggesting a practical plan for the establishment of an 
American system. Carrying out this resolution, the executive 
officers 6f The Southern Commercial Congress brought into 
being, with the approval of the Congress of the United States, 
The American Commission. 

The American Commission is composed of seven representa- 
tives of the United States appointed by President Woodrow 
Wilson who together constitute a separate special federal 
commission responsible to Congress for a report and a suggested 
plan to provide a better system of agricultural credit for the 
United States. In addition to this group each state of the 
Union is entitled to two representatives to be appointed by the 
Governors of the several states. The Canadian Provinces are 
each represented by two delegates appointed by the respective 
provincial governments. 

Hon. Duncan U. Fletcher, United States Senator from 
Florida, is chairman of The American Commission, and by 
appointment of President Wilson is also chairman of the 
special federal commission. Dr. Clarence J. Owens, of Mary- 
land, is the director-general of the Commission, while Col. 
Harvie Jordan, of Georgia, is the secretary, both being also 
members of the federal commission. 

The Commission will visit fourteen countries of Europe, 
spending May, June and July, of 1913, abroad. 

Primarily The American Commission Avill inquire into and 
present to the American people a detailed report, with specific 
recommendations as to adaptability to American conditions, 
bearing on : 

(a) The various European systems of agricultural credit, 
including a study of both cooperative and non-cooperative 
phases of rural finance, 

(b) European cooperative production and distribution of 
agricultural products, and 

(c) The relations of the respective European governments, 
semi-official bodies, and other voluntary organizations to the 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 75 

promotiori maintenance and direction of agricultural coopera- 
tive institutions. ^ 

Though The Southern Commercial Congress began its efforts 
m a campaign for the adoption of rural credit systems it has 
received such strong support both from the federal and state 
governments and from private sources that it has been able to 
enlarge the scope of its work to include a thorough investiga- 
tion of all forms of cooperative production and distribution in 
the agricultural field. 



FIFTH ANNUAL CONVENTION 
Of The Southern Commercial Congress to be Held in Mobile 

Alabama, 1913. 

f J''T^f'ii''^^l Alabama, during the fall of 1913 will be celebrated 
the Fifth Annual Convention of The Southern Commercial 
Congress. This meeting will discuss the relation of the United 
States m general, the Southern states in particular, to the 
Panama Canal, to South America, and to world commerce 
bpecial features of the fifth annual assembl ing of the Con- 
gress mclude an excursion to the Canal Zone, and a tour of all 
the principal South American countries. 

The influence of this meeting in strengthening the cordial 
relations which exist between the United States and the nations 
o± feouth America m social as well as commercial affairs will 
be far reaching. In addition to this, the opportunity to see the 
Panama Canal and to visit South America opens the way for a 
more intelligent realization on the part of the people of the 
United States of the real conditions which exist in the other 
great American republics. 

In going to Panama, The Southern Commercial Congress will 
dedicate a fitting memorial to the late John T. Morgan United 
States Senator from Alabama, who has been called the ''Father 

Uut'd sT.r\^T^- 'j 1^! pilgrimage to the spot where the 
United States has budded of concrete and steel a highwa/ for 
the commerce ot the world is intended as a national expression 
of gratitude to the man who fathered the idea 

The tour of South America which has been planned by The 
Southern Commercial Congress in connection with the Mobile 
meeting will cover a period of nearly three months The itin- 
erary includes every country of South America. 

House. December 12, 1900 ^' ^ ' ^- ^^cfarland in Speech at the V^^hite 



l(i 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




THE PATENT OFFICE. 



BRIEF GUIDE TO WASHINGTON 



As it is not the piupose of this book to be a guide to the city, in the sense of a 
hand-book or Baedeker, only a brief account of the points of national and historic 
interest are here given. The visitor will find this of great assistance and historic 
and sufficient for most purposes. Detailed descriptions of the public buildings and 
historic places may be had in the publications devoted to that purpose. 

Starting at the Union Station, at Massachusetts and Delaware avenues, where all 
railways enter Washington, the visitor may use the following guide on his sight- 
seeing tour. The magnificent new station, costing more than $18,000 000, is one of 
the finest railway stations in the world, and a most fitting and dignified entrance to 
the Capital of the United States. 

The street railway system of transfers makes it possible to reach almost all points 
of interest cheaply. A popular plan of making a tour of the city is by the "Sight 
Seeing" automobiles. For $1.00 one is taken to all parts of the city, with compe- 
tent guides, who point out every point of interest to the passenger. The trip con- 
sumes about two hours. 

Washington is divided into rectangular blocks by streets running east and west 
and north and south. A series of broad avenues intersect each other at the Cap- 
itol, while others meet at the White House. Commencing at the Capitol the streets 
running north and south are designated by numbers, and those running east and 
west by letters. There are A, B, and C, etc., north, and A. B, and C, etc., 'south; 
1st, 2d, and 3d, etc., east and 1st, 2d, and 3d, etc., west. Each block begins with 
an additional 100, so that one is enabled to tell how many blocks he is from the 
Capitol. 

THE CAPITOL. 

The Capitol of the United States is situated on Capitol Hill, about three blocks 
from Union Station, which faces it looking out Deleware avenue. The building is 
open from 9:00 a. m. until 4:30 p. m. daily, except Sundays and holidays. Dunng 
the session of Congress the forenoon is the best time for inspecting the building. 
Congress goes into session at noon, and when in session flags are displayed on the 
building, over both the Senate and House of Representatives. 

Licensed guides stationed in the Rotunda charge a nominal price for their ser- 
vices in showing visitors the principal features of the building. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 77 

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 

The Library of Congress, admitted to be one of the finest buildings in the world, 
is located just east of the Capitol. The building is constructed of New Hampshire 
granite, covers nearly four acres of ground, and represents an expenditure of over 
six million dollars. It is the product of American art and workmanship, and in 
lichness and harmony of decoration stands as America's highest architectural 
achievement. The building is open from 9:00 a. m. until 10:00 p. m., week days; 
on Sundays and holidays, 2:00 to 10:00 p. m. While the Library is primarily in- 
tended for the use of the members of Congress, any visitor can obtain books, to be 
read in the Library, by filling out the required blank at the librarian's desk. 

SENATE AND HOUSE OFFICE BUILDINGS. 

Adjoining the Capitol grounds on the northeast and on the southeast are, respect- 
ively, the Office Buildings of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The 
former contains 92 rooms and the latter 410 rooms. To each member of the Senate 
and of the House of Representatives is allotted an office in which to transact his 
official business. Both of the Office Buildings are connected with the Capitol by 
sub-ways. The buildings are constructed of white marble and are of similar design. 

NEW CITY POSTOFFICE. 

The new white marble building adjoining the Union Station on the west is the 
Washington City Post-Office, one of the finest in the country. It will be occupied 
in 1914. 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 

The huge red building just northwest of the Union Station and occupying the large 
square at the corner of North Capitol and H streets is the Government Printing 
Office. It is the most complete and largest establishment of its kind in the world. 
Open for visitors from 10:00 a. m. to 2:00 p. m. 

PENSION OFFICE. 

The Pension Office is a great red building covering nearly two acres, situated in 
a square bounded by F and G and Fourth and Fifth streets, and is open for in- 
spection between 9:00 a. m. and 4:00 p. m. week days. One of the noteworthy 
features of this building is the frieze extending entirely around the building at the 
level of the second story. The building was completed in 1885, and an idea of its 
magnitude may be had from the fact that at the Inauguration Ball that year 
nearly 18,000 people thronged the floors. 

This building has been the scene of the Inaugural Ball each four years since, 
until President Wilson expressed the desire that the time-honored function be elim- 
inated. 

PATENT OFFICE. 

The building of the Department of the Interior, known as the Patent Office, covers 
two squares, extending from Seventh to Ninth and F and G streets, N. W. The 
museum of models fills four halls on the second story, and contains over 400,000 
models of American and foreign inventions. Visitors are admitted between the 
hours of 9:00 a. m. and 2:00 p. m., week days. 

The building on the square to the south is the General Land Office, of the De- 
partment of the Interior. 

LINCOLN'S MUSEUM AND FORD'S THEATRE. 

At 516 Tenth street is the house in which Lincoln died. It contains the Old- 
royd Lincoln Memorial Collection, consisting of more than three thousand articles 
pertaining to the martyr President. Among these are to be found the family Bible; 
the furniture from his former home at Springfield ; the last bit of writing that Lin- 
coln ever did, also the spur which Booth wore and which he accidentally caught in 
the flag when leaping from the box after the assassination of the President. In 
order to defray expenses, a charge of 25 cents for admission is made, but reduced 
rates are made for large parties. 

Immediately opposite the Museum is Ford's Theatre, where President Lincoln was 
assassinated. The building; is now a Government office. 



78 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




NATIONAL PRESS CLUB. 



TREASURY DEPARTMENT. 

Situated east of the White House at Fifteenth street and Pennsylvania avenue, is 
the Treasury Building. It is open from 9:00 a. m. to 2:00 p. m., and the Cash Room 
and Museum may be seen at any time between these hours. Other rooms, however, 
are open to visitors only from 11:00 to 12:00 noon, and from 1:00 p. m. to 2:00 p.m. 

THE WHITE HOUSE. 

The White House, or Executive Mansion, is situated on Pennsylvania avenue, 
at Sixteenth street, one mile and a third from the Capitol. The East Room is open 
to visitors from 10:00 a. m. until 2:00 p. m., except Sundays and holidays. The 
executive chambers are in a new building to the west, where persons having busi- 
ness with the President are received. 



STATE, WAR AND NAVY BUILDING. 

The State, War and Navy Department building is located on part of the reserva- 
tion called "President's Grounds," just west of the White House. Open to visitors 
from 9:00 a. m. until 2:00 p. m. Among the valuable documents preserved in 
this building are the first draft of the Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, 
Washington's Commission as Commander-in-Chief of the Army, etc. Here also are 
models of the warships of the Navy. 

CORCORAN ART GALLERY. 

To the southeast of the State, War and Navy building, at Seventeenth street and 
New York avenue is the Corcoran Art Building. It is open to visitors on Mondays 
from 12:00 noon to 4:00 p. m., other week days from 9:30 a. m. to 4:00 p. m., and 
on Sundays from 1:30 p. m. to 4:00 p. m. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays 
an admission fee of 25 cents is charged but on other days admission is free. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 79 

CONTINENTAL MEMORIAL HALL. 

A square south of the Art Gallery is located Continental Memorial Hall, designed 
to meet the business and commemorative requirements of the Daughters of the 
American Revolution. 

The corner stone was laid with elaborate ceremonial, April 18 "Lexington Day " 
1904. The building cost about $700,000. Open daily except Sunday, 11 a. m. to 
3 p. m. 

PAN-AMERICAN UNION 

Immediately to the south of the D. A. R. building is the home of the Pan-Amer- 
ican Union, at Seventeenth and B streets. The structure and grounds represent an 
investment of $1,000,000, of which the American Republics contributed $250,000 and 
Andrew Carnegie $750,000. 

The first Pan-American Conference was held in the building in February, 1911. 

WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 

The visitor is now in full view of the Washington Monument. The monument is 
an obelisk of Maryland marble and rises 555 feet 4 inches from the floor. The walls 
at the base are 15 feet thick and taper to 18 inches at the 500 foot mark, where the 
pyramidical top begins. 

The idea of a national monument to the Father of His Country took definite 
shape in 1833. The intention was to construct the monument by means of popular 
subscriptions of individual sums not to exceed one dollar each. In 1847, the col- 
lections amounted to $87,000. and the work was begun. The corner stone was laid 
July 4, 1848; in 1854, the structure had reached a heighth of 170 feet, and the funds 
were exhausted. During the succeeding 24 years but four additional feet were added. 
August 28, 1876, Congress passed an Act creating the Monument Commission, and 
appropriated sufficient sums to complete the construction. The cap stone, a conical 
block of Georgia aluminum was set in place in 1884. 

The view from the top, reached by elevator or by a flight of 900 steps, is superb, 
the whole of Washington lying at the feet of the beholder with the Potomac winding 
its way in the distance in either direction. Open from 9:00 a. m. to 4:00 p. m. 

BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PRINTING. 

The Bureau of Engraving and Printing is a branch of the Treasury Department, 
and is situated on the Mall, corner of Fourteenth and B streets, near the Washing- 
ton Monument. In this building are printed the Government bonds, national cur- 
rency, postage, revenue stamps, etc. Open 9 a. m. to 11:45 a. m., and from 12:30 
to 2:30 p. m. week days. 

A splendid new building for the Bureau is now nearing completion just south of 
the present structures. It is in keeping architecturally with the other great classic 
buildings of the Government, and will be one of the most ideal work-shops in the 
world. 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 

The Department of Agriculture buildings are located on the Mall, between 
Twelfth and Fourteenth streets, east of the Monument. The grounds are beautifully 
laid out, and contain many interesting specimens. Open to the public from 9am 
to 4 p. m. 

* SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 

To the east of the Agricultural buildings is the beautiful building of the Smith- 
sonian Institution. Its specimens of American natural history form one of the 
most interesting exhibits the visitor can see in Washington. The building is open 
from 9 a. m. to 4:30 p. m., except on Sundays. 

BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 

The home of the Bureau of Fisheries is the building on the Mall, at Sixth and B 
streets. In well lighted acquaria one may examine the rarest and most beautiful 
specimens of the finny tribe, while thousands of glass jars show the process of fish 
propegation in every stage. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9 a. m to 
4:30 p. m. 



80 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




HISTORIC RESIDENCES. 

'The Octagon," where the Treaty of Ghent was signed; 2 — The Lee Mansion 
at Arlington; 3 — "Ruthven Lodge," now razed; 4 — Rittenhouse 
mansion, a type of the early homes of Georgetown. 



THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

Under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution is the National Museum, housed 
in a magnificent new building just about opposite, on the north line of the Mall. 
It observes the same hours for visitors as the Smithsonian building. 

This museum is the authorized depository for all objects of scientific, historic, 
and artistic merit which come into possession of the Government. The historical 
collection contains personal relics, mementoes and memorials of most of the Presi- 
dents and scores of American statesmen, soldiers and sailors. 

The Ethnological exhibts include valuable series of objects representing the arts, 
industries and customs of the American Indians, the Eskimo, natives of Africa, 
Asia, etc. There is also a special exhibit illustrating the chief religions of the 
world. The natural history collection represents primarily the fauna of the United 

THE POST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT. 

This Department is housed in the General Post-Office building, a massive granite 
structure at Pennsylvania avenue and Twelfth street. The most interesting feature 
to the visitor is the Dead Letter Museum, containing numberless curios taken from 
the unclaimed letters. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. 

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR. 

The Bureaus of these Departments now occupy leased buildings in various parts 
of the city. The Secretaries' offices are in the building at 513-515 Fourteenth street. 
The Departments include the Bureau of Corporations, the Bureau of Immigration 
and Naturalization, the Division of Information, the Bureau of Manufactures, the 
Bureau of Statistics, the Bureau of Lighthouses, the Bureau of Navigation, the 
Bureau of the Census, the Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Bureau of Fisheries, and 
the Bureau of Standards. All Bureaus open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9 
a. m. to 2 p. m. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 81 

THE WEATHER BUREAU. 

This Bureau is under the direction of the Department of Agriculture, but oc- 
cupies an interesting little building of its own at M and Twenty-second streets. 
Here the visitor may watch the delicate instrunients by which the velocity of the 
wind, the temperatures, seismic disturbances, moisture and other climatic phenomena 
are measured and noted. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9 :00 a. m. to 
4 :30 p. m. 

THE BOTANICAL GARDENS. 

The National Botanical Garden is at the foot of Capitol Hill and occupies the 
space between Pennsylvania and Maryland avenues, from First to Third streets. 
Its conservatories are extensive and contain a very large collection of rare plants 
gathered from all parts of the world. Open daily, 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. 

THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA BUILDING. 

This is a beautiful structure of white marble, at Pennsylvania avenue and Four- 
teenth street, and contains the offices of the District Commissioners and all Munic- 
ipal Departments, except the Courts. 

THE SOLDIERS' HOME. 

Situated on a hillside some three miles north of the Capitol, the white tower of 
the United States Soldiers' Home is one of the conspicuous objects of the National 
Capital. Eight hundred men, honorably discharged after twenty years of army ser- 
vcie, or otherwise disabled or incapacitated by wounds or disease, are comfortably 
accommodated in the five dormitory buildings. The grounds comprise 512 acres of 
diversified lawn, slope and ravine. Open 9 a. m. to sunset. 

THE NAVY YARD. 

The Washington Navy Yard is on the Anacostia river, at the foot of Eighth 
street. It was established in 1804, and in the early days stood unrivaled as a place 
of construction for war vessels. The "Wasp," the "Argus," and the "Viper," of the 
early American navy, were examples of its handiwork. 

Of late years it has become an ordnance factory, where the great guns of the Navy, 
cast at Bethlehem, Pa., are brought to be finished. Open daily 8:30 a. m. to sunset. 

THE NAVAL OBSERVATORY. 

The Naval Observatory, under direction of the Bureau of Navigation, is situated 
on Georgetown Heights, and contains a 26-inch equatorial telescope, one of the 
largest in the world. 

Washington Standard time is telegraphed from this Observatory daily to every 
point in the United States, the time-ball dropping from the flag-staff at the instant 
the sun crosses the Meridian at Washington. Open daily, except Sundays, 9 
a. m. to 3 p. m. ; also, Thursday evenings, 8 to 10 o'clock. Special cards re- 
quired for Thtirsday evening admission. 

THE MARINE BARRACKS. 

Occupy almost the entire square at Eighth and G streets, S. E. During the 
summer there are concerts daily, at 11 a. m. by the famous Marine Band, and tlie 
interesting ceremony of Guard Mount every day at 9 a. m., and a formal inspection 
at 10:00 a. m. every Monday. Open daily, 8 a. m. to sunset. 

THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. 

This Department contains the office of the Attorney General of the United States, 
and is located on K street, between Vermont avenue and Fifteenth street. Open 
daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9:00 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. 



82 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




Christ Church, Alexandria, where Washington worshipped. 



WAR COLLEGE AND BARRACKS. 

The Barracks, formerly the Arsenal, is located directly on the banks of the Poto- 
mac and at Four and a Half street. 

It is at present used as an artillery post, but will, upon completion of present 
plans, become the most important post in the country. It contains the War Col- 
lege, the School of National Defense, and the Engineers' School of Application. In 
front of the War College is the statue of Frederick the Great, given to the United 
States by the Kaiser Wilhelm. The grounds are open to visitors daily from 8 a. m. 
until sunset. 

THE ARMY MEDICAL MUSEUM. 

Occupies a structure of its own, at Seventh and B streets. The collections illus- 
trate methods of military surgery and treatment of diseases incident to war. Open 
daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. 



HYGIENIC LABORATORY. 

At Twenty-third and E streets is located the Hygienic Laboratory and Museum 
of Hygiene. The building is open to visitors from 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. on week days. 
Here the physicians and scientists of the Government conduct their experiments. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 83 

THE NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK. 

The National Zof > established in 1889, for the advancement of science and the 
recreation of the people, is under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution. _ It 
occupies a singxilarly beautiful tract, 167 acres in area, in the Northwestern portion 
of the city, and contains and preserves the largest collection of fauna of the United 
States. It is open every day and all day. 

THE INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION. 

The Commission, which administers the law regulating the rates and practices of 
railroads and steamship companies, occupies two fine leased buildings, 1317-1319 F 
street. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays. 9 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. 

CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION. 

The offices of the Commission are in a handsome new structure at 1724 F street 
N. W. Open daily, except Sundays and holidays, 9:00 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. 

CABIN JOHN BRIDGE. 

Seven miles above Georgetown, or West Washington, was erected by the War De- 
partment during the administration of Secretary Jefferson Davis. The bridge now 
forms a part of the aqueduct system ; is 240 feet long, and its arch, with a span of 
220 feet, is reputed to be the largest masonry arch in existence. 

GREAT FALLS OF THE POTOMAC. 

Five miles beyond Cabin John are the Great Falls of the Potomac river, one of the 
most beautiful bits of natural scenery about Washington. The Falls are reached 
by the Great Falls Electric line, the terminal of which is at Thirty-sixth and M 
streets, N. W. 

BLUEMONT AND THE BLUE RIDGE. 

One of the most interesting trips out of Washington is that to Bluemont and 
Leesburg, in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia. Electric trains run frequently 
from the corner of Thirty-sixth and M streets, N. W. 

ALEXANDRIA. 

Prior to the stirring days of the Revolution, Alexandria, rich in historic associa- 
tion, was the American metropolis of the British Crown. 

Many of the old streets are paved with cobblestones laid by Hessian prisoners of 
war, under the personal direction of Washington himself. 

Among the notable points of interest in Alexandria may be mentioned the old 
residence of Lord Thomas Fairfax ; the Carlyle House, where gathered the cele- 
brated "Congress of Alexandria," between Colonial Governors and the British Gen- 
eral, Braddock, and also where Washington received his first commission. Quaint 
Christy Church, where Washington worshipped, and where his pew, marked with 
facsimile autograph on a silver plate, remains undisturbed ; old Friendship Fire 
Company, of which Washington was a prominent member ; the old City Hotel, a 
famous hostlery in bygone days, from which steps Washington gave his last military 
order; the Alexandria- Washington Masonic Lodge, of which Washington was the 
first Master; and the old Marshall House, on King street, the scene of the Ells- 
worth tragedy at the outbreak of the Civil War, 



84 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




ANNAPOLIS, MD.— OLD STATE HOUSE. BUILT 1772-4. 

ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY. 

On the Virginia Hills surrounding Arlington House, sleep 16,000 soldiers who died 
during the war between the States. Arlington House was built in 1802, by George 
Washington Parke Custis, whose widowed mother became the wife of General Wash- 
ington. Upon the death of Custis the property descended to Mary Custis Lee, wife 
of General Robert E. Lee. General Lee and Mary Custis were married in 1831, in 
the drawing room where present day visitors to Arlington may register their names. 

In 1861, as Lee assumed command of the Confederate forces, the Federals estab- 
lished a camp at Arlington ; later it became a hospital, and when other available cem- 
etery grounds no longer sufficed, its level plateaus and grassy slopes were devoted 
to the burial of the dead. The first grave was prepared for a Confederate prisoner 
who died in the hospital. 

Both Arlington and Alexandria are reached by electric trains leaving the terminal 
station at Twelfth street and Pennsylvania avenue. 



FORT MYER. 

On the Virginia side of the river, is one of the most important cavalry posts of 
the Army, and visitors may witness the guard mounts, squadron manouvers and fancy 
drills, by the crack regiments. 

The Fort Myer United States Signal Station is the headquarters of the Aero- 
plane and Balloon corps of the Army. 

On Fort Myer Reservation there has been erected the most powerful wireless 
telegraph station in the world. The tallest of the three steel cage towers is 
more than 100 feet higher than the Washington Monument. The station is capable 
of sending and receiving messages within a radius of 3,000 miles. 

Fort Myer is reached by the Arlington electric cars leaving the station at 
Twelfth street and Pennsylvania avenue. 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 



85 




ANNAPOLIS, MD.— BANCROFT HALL, U. S. NAVAL ACADEMY. 

COLONIAL ANNAPOLIS. 

One of the most Interesting and delightful trips about Washington is that to the 
ancient city of Annapolis, thirty-five miles from Washington and a little over an 
hour's ride on the large interurban electric cars of the Washington, Baltimore & 
Annapolis Electric Railroad. 

Probably there is not a city in the country that today retains so many well- pre- 
served buildings of the Colonial period and so much of the real atmosphere of the 
early days as the Capital City of Maryland. 

Annapolis, too, is the site of the United States Naval Academy, the training school 
for every officer of the Navy. The grounds of the academy are extensive and beauti- 
ful and are at all times open to visitors. The Government has expended about 
$15,000,000 in a group of magnificent buildings for the naval school. Cadet drills 
and band concerts are given at the academy daily. 

The electric railway company has issued a fully descriptive booklet about Anna- 
polis. The station is in the Bond building at the southwest corner of New York ave- 
nue and Fourteenth street. 



MOUNT VERNON. 

Mount Vernon, the home of Washington, is situated on the western bank of the 
Potomac, about fifteen miles from Washington. It is open to visitors every day 
except Sunday. 

In the grounds are the tomb of Washington and the Mansion House occupied by 
him. The latter contains many priceless relics of the Father of His Country. 

Mount Vernon may be reached by electric cars of the Washington, Alexandria and 
Mt. Vernon railway, from Twelfth street and Pennsylvania avenue. The trip can 
also be made by steamer of the Mount Vernon and Marshall Hall Steamboat Com- 
pany, starting from wharf foot of Seventh street, at 10:00 a. m. and 1:45 p. m. 



86 



THE NEW WASHINGTON 




MT. VERNON, THE HOME OF WASHINGTON. 



OTHER PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST. 

Washington is surrounded with places of historic interest that are easily accessible 
to the visitor to the city. On the Washington- Virginia Railway, whose station is at 
the corner of Twelfth street and Pennsylvania avenue, are many of them : Falls 
Church, Fairfax Court House, where the will of George Washington is recorded, 
"Gunston Hall," below Mount Vernon, "Woodlawn," the stately home of the beauti- 
ful Nellie Custis, adopted daughter of General Washington, and other Colonial and 
Revolutionary homes. 

Bladensburg is another interesting little town and can be reached by trolley leav- 
ing the corner of Fifteenth and H. streets, N. F. Bladensburg was a port in Col- 
onial days and much tobacco was shipped thence to Europe. Near the town is the 
famous duelling ground, where Commodore Decatur fought Commodore Baron. 
Here also Commodore Barney and General Windsor faced the British in the War of 
1812. The town was founded in 1742. Here was fought the Battle of Bladensburg. 
The eastern branch of the Potomac river was navigable in 1814, and the British fleet 
under Admiral Cockburn sailed up the river to this point. 

At Riverdale, a mile beyond, is the old Calvert Mansion, the home of the last 
Lord Baltimore. It is now owned by a Washington business man and within the 
past two years has been restored by him. 



"Indeed, the more the commission studied the first plans 
of the Federal City, the more they became convinced that the 
greatest service they could perform would be to carry to a 
legitimate conclusion the comprehensive, intelligent, and yet 
simple and straightforward scheme devised by L'Enfant under 
the direction of Washington and Jefferson." From the report 
of the Park Commission to the U. S. Senate, 1901.* 



*The report of the Park Commission; abridged by the author, will be 
published as Senate Document No. 16, 63d Congress, 1st Session, about 
contemporaneously with the publication of this volume. The unabridged 
report is now out of print. 



No Trip 

To WasKingtori 

Is Complete 

Without a Visit to— 

Old Point Comfort 




-AND- 

Norfolk Va. 



Via *'THE HISTORIC LINE'' 

Potomac River Chesapeake Bay 

Hampton Roads 

DAILY SERVICE MODERN STEAMERS 

NorfolK & Washington 
Steamboat Co, 

Write Passenger Department Desk "A" 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 
For Illustrated Booklet. 



87 




MANHATTAN COFFEE MILLS, 618 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, N. W. 

88 



AN IMPORTANT WASHINGTON INDUSTRY. 

The Washington branch of the Manhattan Coffee Mills, Inc., is 
one of the important manufacturing establishments of the city. Start- 
ing about five years ago in a small building in the southwest section 
of the city, the mill's business increased rapidly and to such an 
extent that within the year the plant was moved to the large, modern 
five-story building on Pennsylvania Avenue, between Sixth and 
Seventh Streets. The coffee plant is an absolutely sanitary one. 

The Manhattan Coffee Mills are coffee roasters. Their cof- 
fees are put through separators, taking out the stones and other 
refuse. Every bean is then milled and the shell taken off, giving 
a far superior coffee to that treated by ordinary processes. The 
company uses a patent chaff blower, which blows off the chaff while 
the coffee is in process of roasting. 

To witness these methods of manufacture and to inspect the 
sanitary conditions under which the product is turned out, the 
public is at all times welcome, and visitors to Washington are daily 
escorted through the buildings and the processes explained. 

In addition to the large coffee business, the Manhattan Mills 
carry the largest stock of teas of any house south of New York, 
being extensive importers of teas. 

The company has much of the Government contracts for cof- 
fee and tea, and supplies the principal hotels, clubs and cafes. It 
is also now branching out into the South and building up a con- 
siderable Southern trade. 



WM. H. SAUNDERS & CO., REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT 
AND INSURANCE AGENTS, SOUTHERN BUILDING, WASH- 
INGTON, D. C, offer their services for the purchase and sale of 
large and small office and other business buildings, residences and 
investment properties generally. They have for sale a large list of 
unimproved lots and squares, and acreage property suitable for sub- 
division. 

First deed of trust and first mortgage loans in Washington are 
not subject to taxation, which thus give a larger net rate of interest 
than elsewhere. They give this feature of their business especial 
attention. There is no better place to invest money than in the 
National Capital. There is no "boom," and they refuse to handle 
properties at inflated values. Investments made by the above firm 
for clients range from small sums to many thousands of dollars. 
Tell them what you want, the amount you wish to invest, and 
whether you wish property for rise in value or income, and they 
will oft'er suggestions. 

Twenty-four years' experience in Washington enables them to 
use expert judgment in serving their clients. Inquiries through corre- 
spondence are furnished satisfactory financial references. 

89 



THE DIME-NAIIvER 

A WASHINGTON PRODUCT 



m THE Shadow 

of ihe CAIPITOL 



THE NATIONAL CAPITAL bids fair to have another title added to 
the many it already enjoys, for within its precincts and under the 
very shadow of the Capitol there is an industry that is as unique 
as it is remarkable ; its purpose being to teach the people to become thrifty 
and to save money. The object is accomplished by means of a device 
known as the "DIME-NAILER," which possesses so many attractive fea- 
tures that it must be seen to be thoroughly appreciated. The success already 
attained by this ingenious plan suggests the possibility of the National 
Capital being known as "Washington, The Teacher of Thrift," for it is 
here that the plan was born, perfected and developed into a powerful in- 
strumentality for the betterment of mankind. Visitors to the Capital should 

include in their itinerary a visit to 
this unique establishment for, un- 
less present indications are misin- 
terpreted, it will not be long before 
its influence will be felt and its 
name become famous throughout 
the land. Bankers, wage-earners 
and those interested in spreading 
the gospel of Thrift are particular- 
ly invited to call and investigate 
the workings of this institution. In 
the same building with the Dime- 
Nailer are located the headquarters 
of "The Dime-Savers' League," and 
the "Cointrappers of America." 
Members of these bodies are in- 
vited to call and make themselves 
welcome while in Washington. 

A well-known banker recently 
suggested that this institution was 
the originator of "Dime-ocratic" 
banking, and entitled to much credit 
for educating the American to be- 
come a Saver instead of a Squan- 
derer. One of the reasons this con- 
cern selected Washington as its 
headquarters is because of the faith 
of its founders in the future great- 
ness of this city as the national cen- 
ter, for all national movements, or- 
ganizations and societies. The offi- 
cials are practical bank men of broad experience and high standing, well 
and favorably known to bankers here and abroad. 

The Dime-Nailer Co. also manufactures a number of other savings 
devices and advertising specialties for banks, savings societies, church 
clubs, fraternal organizations, co-operative bodies, etc. Interested parties 
are invited to write for booklets, samples and full particulars, to 

THE DIME-NAILER CO., 201 B Street N. W., Washington, D. C. 




PLANT OF THE DIME-NAILER CO. 
WashinKton. D. C. 



90 



Sixteenth and S Streets, N. W. 

Washington, D. C. 




THE SCOTTISH :RITE TEMPLE. 
(Now being erected at S street and the Avenue of Presidents.) 



WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Reinforced Concrete and Hollow Tile Construction 



C. A. HAMMETT, 

President, 



R. G. FLETCHER, 

Secy.-Treas. and 
Supt. of Construction. 



91 



WASHINGTON 

The National Capital reflects the power, wealth and growth 
of the United States. So long as ''the Government at Wash- 
ington still lives," so long will the National Capital prosper 
and grow. 




Washington is unaffected by financial panics, industrial and 
commercial depressions, or labor troubles, the only city in 
the United States that can make the same boast. 

WRITE FOR ILLUSTRATED PAMPHLET. 



HARRY WARDMAN 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



y2 



HIGH-GRADE 

Building Inve^ments 



AT THE 



National Capital 



Building investments in Washington combine solid Perma- 
nency with a high rate of income. As the Nation grows so 
grows Washington. 



HARRY WARDMAN 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

93 



p. J. CLARKE 

Stone and General 
Contractor 




i n M 






fi If tf 



Gibbons Memorial Hall, Catholic University of America 



3256 N St., N. W. 
ViTASHINGTON, D. C, 



PHone "W. 480 



94 



Evolution of the 

Washington Railway & Electric Company 




1865. 




1895. 




1913. 



95 



USE 



WASHINGTON 

Fast 
No Smoke 



ANNAPOLIS 

Frequent 
No Cinders 



THE ELECTRIC LINE 

MID-CITY TERMINALS 

Between 

BALTIMORE 

Clean 
No Dirt 

Fast Limited Trains 
Every 30 Minutes 

From 14th and New York Avenue, Washington 

Direct to 

Business and Theatre Districts of Baltimore 

Without Change of Cars. 

Hourly Service to Annapolis and 
Direct to Gate Famous U. S. Naval Academy. 

Don't fail to visit colonial Annapolis. See famous 
U. S. Naval Academy, homes of three signers of the 
Declaration of Independence, and State House where 
General Washington resigned his Commission. 

Protected by Automatic Block Signals. 

Washington, Baltimore & Annapolis 
Eledtric Railroad Company 



WASHINGTON 

14th & New York Ave. 
Bond Bldg. 



terminals: 

BALTIMORE 

Park Ave. & Liberty 
near Lexington St. 

96 



ANNAPOLIS 

U. S. Naval Academy 
West St. Station. 



TOURS 

MADE 5Y THE 

Sight-Seeing Automobiles 

of the International Auto Sight- 
Seeing Transit Company 

TOURING WASHINGTON, 
ARLINGTON, FORT MEYER 

and ENVIRONMENT — and 
SHOWING THE INTERIOR 
OF THE CAPITAL'S PUBLIC 
BUILDINGS. 

Fourteen Large Forty (40) 
Passenger Automobiles, Cover- 
ing the Entire City. COM- 
FORT, ELEGANCE, JOY. 

General Offices: 

No. 600 Penn. Ave., N. W. 

HOWARD HOUSE 

Telephones: Main 1074-1075 




DIME 

MESSENGER 

SERVICE 

Incorporated 

MOST EELIABLE & QUICKEST 

We deliver Packaues, Parcels, 
Notes and InvitatiODS 

PROMPTLY and SECURELY 

Call Main 5120-5121 

717 12th Street, N. W. 

Bonded Messengers 



Seeing Washington Automobiles 

Tour tKroug'H tKe city ai\d its parKs— Fare $1.00 
EVERY HOUR ON THE HOUR 



Interior of Public Buildings. 

Twice Daily— 10 A. M. and 1 P. M. 



I 



Arlington and Virginia Suburbs, 
Three Times Daily— 10 A. M., 2 P M 
and 4 P. M. 



Main Office and Starting Point, 

484 Penna. Ave. N. W. 



You will eventually ride with us. Why Not Now. 

Columbia Sight-Seeing 
Company, Inc. 



!££ Gray Line 



l»IIO.\K, Main IUH} sixth Street and Penn. Avenue N. VV 



"GOOD SERVICE" OUR MOTTO. 



TOUI^ING WASHINGTON. ARL- 
INGTON & FORT MYER. 



NEW UP-TO-DATE EQUIPMENT. 
SPECIAL RATES FOR PARTIES. 

WRITE FOR DESCRIPTIVE CIR- 
CULARS. 



97 



ON THE 



Washington and Old Dominion 



R A I L WA^^ 



Historical 

GREAT FALLS 

of the Potomac. 



Picturesque 

BLUEMONT 

in the Blue Ridge Mountains. 



The most delightful places near the National Capital are reached 

by this line. 

Frequent, speedy, and comfortable electric service 
from Terminal at 36th and M Streets, Northwest 

For schedules and further information, apply 

705 Fifteenth St., N. W. 905 F St., N. W. 36th and M Sts., N. W. 



Colonial Beach 

Washington's Atlantic City. 

Average Population, Season 1912, 
15,000. 

New walks, sewerage system, and 
many other permanent improvements 
tend to make Colonial Beach an ideal 
resort for health and recreation. 
Palatial Steamer ST. JOHNS will 
make her first trip May 30. 

DAILY ROUND TRIP: 

Adults 50 cts. 

Children 25 cts. 

SEASON TICKETS, ROUND TRIP: 

Adults $1.00 

Children 50 cts. 

Colonial Beach 
Company 

Foot 7th Street, 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 



FOR 



Mount Vernon 

Fast Electric Trains Hourly 
from 10 a. m. to 2 p. m. 

Round trip 50 cents 

Trains go Direct to Mt. 

Vernon Gate, at Top 

of Hill 



Washington Utilities Co. 

Station, 12th and Penn. Ave. 
Opposite Post Office Dept. 



98 




Phone Main 3922 



Branch of New York, N. Y. 



Manhattan Coffee Mills, Inc. 

618 Pennsylvania Avenue N. W. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 

IMPORTERS OF COFFEE AND TEA 

Roasters and Distributors 

of 

The following Brands of Coffee 

Martha Washing'ton 

Romeo and Juliet Cream Blend 

Capitol Bow Knot 



99 



Phones, Lincoln 573-574 



S. M. FRAZIER 



ANACOSTIA, D. C. 




Yard of S. M. Frazier, Anacostia, D. C. 



E. J. PULLMAN 

Kodaks, Films, Photo 

Supplies of Every 

Description 

Oldest House. Largest Stock. Hnnrst 
Pricrs. Developing a <1 Printinn for Ama- 
teurs a Specialty Kveryihing y u need or 
wan; done in Photography. 

Phone, Main 767 

420 Ninth Street N. W. 

Washington, D. C. 



National 

Eledrical Supply 

Company 

special Service for 
Indu^rial Plants 

See Page 107. 



100 



Witt-Will Company 



MOTOR WITT -WILL. CO.trJckV^, 




I 



BUILDING -^ J RFPAIRING 

n 




a 




BUILDERS OF 



Heavy Service Motor Trucks 

In Capacities of One, Two and Four Gross Tons 



W. W. GRIFFITH 



KSTAHI.ISIIKD 1S98 




COAL DEPOT 

Annual Output, 100,000 Tons WASHINGTON, D. C. 



101 



J. E. HANGER, Inc. 

HANGER BUILDING, 221-3 G St. N. W., WASHINGTON 

Hanger Improved 
Artificial Limbs 

NO METAL SPRINGS 
NO CORDS NO CHAFING NO JARRING 

Furnished on Absolute Guarantee of Satisfaction 

Send for Handscme Catalogue 

ROLLING CHAIRS, CRUTCHES, 
SUPPLIES 



ATLANTA 



Established 1861 
WASHINGTON 



ST. LOUIS 



The Sanitary 
Bottle Cap 

The only cap with a handle. 
Can be easily removed with the 
fingers alone. Approved by 
New York and other Boards of 
Health. 

Write for Prices and Samples. 




American 
Mosaic Company 

Terrazo Mosaics Ceramics 

Tile Work cf Every Description 

Mosaics and Tiling 

A few buildings containing 
our work: 

Washington, D. C. 
U. S. Nat'l Museum New Building, 
White House, 

Bureau of American Republics, 
D. A. R. Building, 
New Municipal Building, 
Mrs. McVeagh's Residence, 
Pullman Residence, 
Woodward Apartments, 



Emerson Hotel, Baltimore. Md. 
Union Pacific New Bldg., Omaha, Neb. 
First Nat'l Bank Bldg., Roanoke, Va. 
1st Nat'l Bank Bldg, Hagerstown, Md. 
Watts Hospital, Durham, N. C. 
Mutual Life Bldg., Richmond, Va. 
1st Nat'l Bank Bldg., Richmond, Va. 

912 Eye Street, Northwest 
WASHINGTON. D. C. 



102 



Identified with the City's Growth. 



The Carroll Electric Company 



Established 1900 



Jobbers of Electrical Supplies & Machinery 
Construction Work of the Better Kind 



514 12th Street 



Phone Main 7320-7321 



TEST OUR SERVICE 



Telephone, Lincoln 2660 



J. Carey King 



MILLWORK 



J. B. Kendall Co. 



IRON, STEEL, 

COACH GOODS, 

HEAVY 

HARDWARE 



37 New York Avenue N.E. 

Washington, D. C. 



485-7 Missouri Avenue 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 



103 



Parker-Brawner Co. 



LitKo^rapKers and PublisKers 



Calendars and SHow Cards 



We travel ten men Soutli' of the Mason and Dixon 

line. 



WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Established 1870 

B. B. Earnshaw & Bro. 

Wholesale Groceries 
Bakers' Supplies, Flour and Feed 

OFFICES AND SHIPPING: WAREHOUSES: 

1103 to 1109 Eleventh Street, S. E. 1000 and 1002 M Street, S. E. 

1201 Twelfth Street, S. E. 

WASHINGTON, D, C, 

A STRICTLY WASHINGTON INDUSTRY 
The Plant of the 

HOME ICE COMPANY 

12th and V Streets, N. W. 

Ice-making capacity, 100 tons daily. 
Ice Cream making capacity, 1,000 gallons of "PERFECT" 

Ice Cream daily. 
The ice is sold only at the plant, to dealers and consumers. 

Wholesale and Retail. 

The Ice Cream is sold by the HOME ICE CREAM CO., 

and delivered everywhere. 

104 



R. P. ANDREWS 

Paper Company 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 



^aper anti ^tattonEn> 



Our Motto: 
"If it's made of Paper, we have it." 

Our Stores: j 

The Big Store, - - 727-29-31 Thirteenth Street N. W. ' 

1331 F Street N. W. 629 Louisiana Avenue N. W. j 

i 

WASHINGTON, D. C. j 



JUST OUT 

The New Red Book, Giving a List of Government Positions 
NOT Under Civil Service, and Salaries. 

Sent Postpaid on Receipt of Price, $1.00 

R. P. ANDREWS PAPER COMPANY 

Distributors WASHINGTON, D. C. 

105 



Our Record of 40 Years 

is based on the quality of our 

Goods and Service. 

GIVE us THAT ORDER! 



F. P. MAY HARDWARE CO. 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Cutlery Tools 

Ammunition Roofing 

Fire Arms Cordage 

Sporting Goods Beaver Board 




The Quality Shop 

508 9th Street N. W. 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



Henry T. Of fterdinger 

Manufacturer 

DEER HEAD 

LA ANITA 

OFTY 

AFTER DINNER 

CIGARS 

106 



National Electrical Supply Co* 

Established 1880 

Jobbers of Electrical Supplies 

operating in 

Maryland North Carolina 

Virginia South Carolina 

Georgia 

Special Facilities and Technical Consultation 

for INDUSTRIAL PLANTS at 

your command 

1030 INk^v York Avenue 

W^ASHINGTON, D. C. 




EpwarsB./^ 

J'MITH/C^Olia?;) I?^TITUTIC:>I<) 

5aRI^tiUTl3T^Lc t>EPai^T{y\E(>lT "'' 

U. J". QkOIsOQIC^U ^Ttll^EY 

ExPEl^I^E??TaLlx St^lTWIS^J' c2/ir/>^^^^ 
J'TaTE llUPTlTiynOJ^ ' 




107 



1723 Twenty-first Street, Northwest 



A Select Classical and Mathematical Preparatory School for 
Young Men and Boys 

Certificate privilege granted by 33 Colleges and Universities 

Special Department for Boys 
whose ages range from 7 to 12 years 

Athletics and Physical Culture 
Catalogue upon request. PAUL N. PECK, A. M., Principal. 



Washington Collegiate Summer School 

Located at Mountain Lake Park, Maryland 



Limited Number Ten Weeks' Course 

'I Excellent combination of study and recreation 

1 1 ' . Thorough work, wholesome pleasure 

Boating, swimming, fishing, bowling, cross-country trips 

For information and booking, address 

PAUL N. PECK, A. M., Principal, 

1723 Twenty-first Street, N. W., 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
108 




A Home and [Day School 
for Girls 



Offers Four-Year Pre- 
paratory and Col- 
legiate Courses 

Year-Book on Request 



MRS. MARY BURKE SOMERVELL, Principal 
Girard and Thirteenth Streets N. W. 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



Jfairmont seminar j» 



WASHINGTON, D. C. 



A HOME SCHOOL FOR GIRLS 



Regular and Special Courses. Music, Art, 
Expression. Travel Class. 



Outdoor Sports— Golf, Tennis, Horseback 

Riding, and Cross-Country 

Tramping 

Literature on request 



109 



"1 




Ifamilton ^d]Ool 

For Girls and Young Ladies 

Overlooking McPherson Sq. 

823-25 Fifteenth St. N. W. 

Washington, D. C. 

Write for Catalogue to 

Mrs. Phoebe Hamilton Seabrook 




Madison Hall School 

for Young Women and Girlsj 

College and Elective courses. Music, 
Art, Expression, Modern Languages, 
Domestic. Science. Educational ad- 
vantages of Washington. 

For illustrated year-book, address. 

Prof, and Mrs. Geo. F. Winston, 

Principals. 

3100 R Street, N. W., 
Washington, D. C. 



mnt Agttf B* S>rI|flol 



3017 O Street 



WASHINGTON, D. C. 



A BOARDING SCHOOL FOR GIRLS 

Under the Care of 

The Sisters of The Epiphany 

(Episcopal Church) 



Terms, $400 to $500 
Telephone, West 1456 



For Catalogue Address 



THE SISTER SUPERIOR 

110 



National OIatl|P&ral i>rt|onl for Osiris 



]MOU?S'T ST. AL13AN 

WASIIINOTON. L>. C 



Situated in the Cathedral Close of 45 acres. Building of fire- 
proof construction. 

Accommcdation for 100 boarding and 50 day pupils. Certificate 
admits to College. 

Music, Art and Special Courses. 

The Bishcp cf Washington, President of the Beard of Trustees. 

MRS. BARBOUR WALKER, M. A., 

(Columbia University) 

Principal 



National Cathedral School 

for Boys, 

Mount Saint Alban 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

''The School of Personal Interest," 
Boarding and day departments, 
Prepares for any college or university, 
Splendid new athletic field. 
Careful x)hysical and athletic instruction, 
Bishop of Washington, President Board 
of Trustees. 

For catalogue address, 

E. L. GREGG, Headmaster 

111 



MasbiuGton SeminariP 

The Smallwood-Wilbur School 

2103-9 S Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 

TWENTIETH YEAR 

A high-grade School for Girls. Planned for those who desire the 
best advantages for their daughters, who wish for and will appreciate 
a beautiful and cultured home, refined associations, thorough instruc- 
tion, and the upbuilding of character. 

COURSES. — For both Day and Boarding Pupils a regularly 
graded Academic and College Preparatory Course is offered. For 
Special and Postgraduate Students an exceptionally fine Culture Class 
is planned, including advanced English, Civics, Ethics, Music, Art, 
Languages, Current Events, Foreign Travel, and Parliamentary Law. 

ADVANTAGES. — The educational opportunities afforded by the 
National Capital. 

A Faculty of able teachers and eminent specialists. 

Domestic Training in Household Economics, Child Study, 
Hygiene. 

Social Training in correct forms and usage; assistance at school 
functions; the enjoyment of suitable social opportunities; and the 
best in Music, Art, and the Drama. 

A home life with beautiful surroundings, and daily inspiration for 
the highest ideals in scholarship, culture, and womanhood. 

Individual interest in each pupil and the personal instruction and 
attention of the principals. 

DELLA GRAEME SMALLWOOD. 
HANNAH KNAPP WILBUR. 

Immaculata Seminary 

MOUNT MARIAN 
Wisconsin Avenue, . - - . WASHINGTON, D. C. 

A resident and day school for girls; situated on the heights of one 
of Washington's most beautiful suburbs. 

SPECIAL ADVANTAGES— DeHghtful home life; refined associa- 
tion; individual attention to character training. 

Suburban quiet combined with proximity to the Nation's Capital. 
Abundant outdoor exercise — tennis, archery, etc. Systematic 
sightseeing. 

SUPERIOR SCHOLARSHIP. HIGH MUSICAL AND 
ARTISTIC STANDARD 

COURSES — Classical, Literary, and Special Two-Year Course for 

High School graduates. 
MUSIC — Conservatory methods in Vocal. Piano, Violin, etc. 
ART — The Oil, Water Color and Ceramic Studios are among the 

specialties of the Seminary. The Studios are open to visitors 

at all times. 
FRENCH — Students are taught to converse in French. 
For Year Book and information, address 

SISTER SECRETARY 

112 



Georgetown University 



SCHOOL OF LAW 
Established 1870 



An Approved Law School Under the Regents' Revised 

Rules, New York State Department 

of Education 



Has a Faculty Composed of Leading Members of the 
Bench and Bar 



Three-year ccurse leading to the Degree of LL. B. 

One-year Postgraduate Ccurse leading to the Degree of LL. M.. 
open to graduates of approved law schools and to members of 
the bar. 

One-year course leading to the Degree of Master of Patent Law, 
open to Third- Year and Postgraduate students without extra charge. 

For further information, address 

HUGH J. FEGAN. Secretary 

Georgetcwn Law School Bldg.. - - WASHINGTON. D. C. 



Georgetown University 

SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. 
lOay Classes Only.) 

Sixty-thirfl Session will begin September 27, 1913. ICntrance requiremeiv - 
fonr-year liigh school cilucaiion and two years of collegiate work or its equivalent, 
including chemistry, physics, biology* and a modern lan'^uage, eiiher French or 
German. The first two years in medicine will be spent in laboratory work and 
in the fimdamental sciences. The junior and senior students will receive their 
training at the I'niversity Hospital and Dispensary, now enlarged to a capacity of 
over 200 beds, and also in other local hospitals. 



THREE-YEAR DENTAL COITRSE. 

(.Day and Evening Classes. '^ 

This department olTers unexcelled facilities for a scientific and practical train- 
ing in Dental Surgery. In the laboratories and infirmary the student not only wit- 
nesses every kind of dental manipulation as practiced by the experienced operator, 
but is himself taught to accomplish all that pertains to the daily duties of a dental 
surgeon by actual practice. Entrance requirements : A four-year high school course 
or its equivalent. 

For detailed information, address the Registrar, 920 H Street, Northwest. 

113 



asl|tngtnn (KolbgP of iGatu 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 
Established 1896. 

Only Law School south of Philadelphia admitting both Women 
and Men as students. 

Faculty consists of twenty-eight Lecturers, Professors, and 
Tutors, of whom three are members of the Judiciary, and all mem- 
bers of the Bar in practice. 

Three years' course leading to degree of LL. B. and preparing 
for Bar examination. Tuition, $60.00 a year. 

Practical Postgraduate Course of one year open to members of 
the Bar in good standing and students holding the degree of LL. B. 
from institutions of approved standing. Tuition, $50.00. 

Special course of one year in Patent and Trade-Mark Law and 
practice before the U. S. PATENT OFFICE. This is the only 
College that offers a course which specializes in U. S. Patent Office 
practice which comprises the principal patent business of the country. 
Tuition, $30.00 per annum. 

Evening sessions exclusively for the convenience of students 
employed in the day time. 

Classes limited in size, so that each student receives personal 
attention. 

For further information and catalogues, address the Dean — 

Mrs. ELLEN SPENCER MUSSEY 

1317 New York Avenue N. W., - - WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Hfnmarb Btitvprattg 

- xA/ACiu I Nr,TnN D. C. = 

FOUNDED 1867 

SCHOLARLY TEACHERS— HIGH STANDARDS—FINE 
STUDENT BODY— BEAUTIFUL CAMPUS 



SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY— LAW— MEDICINE— DENTISTRY 

PHARMACY 
POSTGRADUATE POLYCLINIC FOR MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY 

COLLEGE OF ART AND SCIENCES — TEACHERS' COL- 
LEGE—COMMERCIAL COLLEGE— ACADEMY 



CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC— ENGINEERING .COURSES- 
PRACTICAL ARTS— LIBRARY 



Co-educational — Non-denominational — No distinctions of Race, Color 

or Creed. 

ADDRESS ALL INQUIRIES TO 

PRESIDENT S. M. NEWMAN 

IM 



mi 



ic 



(liatlpltc Mntiiersttg of America 

Schools of Engineering and Technology 

Offering Courses in 

Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering 
Mechanical Engineering Chemical Engineering 

Architecture 



School of Letters School of Law School of Philosophy 



TERMS MODERATE 

FALL TERM BEGINS SEPTEMBER 30TH 

Write for Catalogue to Registrar 

RT. REV. THOMAS J. SHAHAN, Rector 



Manchester 5HaU 

A SELECT SCHOOL FOR CHILDREN. 

2029 HILLYER PLACE 

One block west of Connecticut Avenue, above Dupont Circle. 

MISS MARY MARSHAM LEWIN, Principal. 

MISS MARY P. REID. Secretary. 



MANCHESTER HALL — a boarding and day school — is for girls from 

FIVE TO sixteen YEARS OF AGE. 

In the day school small boys will be received in the Kindergarten and Primary 
Departments. 

Pupils are admitted at any time. If desired, a yearly term may be arranged, includ- 
ing the summer months on a beautiful farm in Connecticut. 

The course of study embraces: Kindergarten, Primary, Intermediate, and Grammar 
school subjects. 

Conversation in German and French daily. 

Music,, drawing, physical culture and dancing are taught in the school by 
thoroughly competent teachers. 

Every advantage of a well ordered, refined home is offered. 
Physician's care, nurse, individual supervision. 
Nutritious food supplies fresh from the farm. 

Information or Catalogue on request. 

Miss M. MARSHAM LEWIN, Principal 

2029 HILLYER PLACE, 
'Phone: North 2890. Washington, D. C 

lis 



T3oIg OIr00S ^cahemg 




Most beautiful section of Washington. 
A select school for boarders and day 
pupils conducted by the Sisters of the 
Holy Cross. Absolutely fireproof build- 
ing with every modern improvement 
and convience. Every provision is 
made for the health and physical care 
of the pupils. The Educational work 
is based on the conviction that intel- 
lectual, moral and religious training 
must be combined in the development 
of character. 

In addition to the Primary Prepara- 
tory and Academic Departments, spe- 
cial courses are given in English Eit- 
erature. History, the Modern Lan- 
guages, Music and Art. Special vocal 
advantages are offered the advanced 
])upils, and all of the advantages which 
make Washington the Educational 
center of the country are offered the 
pupils. For catalog and further par- 
ticulars, address the Mother Superior, 
Holy Cross Academy, Dumbarton, 
Washington, D. C. 



Do You Paint or Draw? 

No matter what your needs may be 
in the way of — 

ARTISTS' MATERIAL, ARCHI- 
TECTS' & ENGINEERS' SUP- 
PLIES. 

We can supply them here. Best grades, 
largest variety and lowest prices. 

Requisites for Drawing, Painting, and 
Decorating. 

Supplies for DRAFTSMEN AND 
CIVIL ENGINEERS. 

PICTURE FRAMING to your taste. 

FRED E. SCHMIDT, 

New address: 719-721, 13th St. N. W. 

Special Sale of STUDIES and 
PICTURES for framing. 



TRINITY COLLEGE 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Has for its purpose the higher 
education of women under the 
auspices of the Catholic Church. 

The courses of study offered 
to graduate and undergraduate 
students are planned according 
to the best standards of our 
American educational system. 

The College is fully empow- 
ered, under the term of its char- 
ter granted by the District of 
Columbia, to confer degrees. It 
is registered with the University 
of the State of New York, and 
affiliated with the Catholic Uni- 
versity of America at Washing- 
ton. It is conducted by the 
Sisters of Notre Dame of Na- 
mur, one of the oldest teaching 
orders of the United States. 

For particulars, address 
THE SECRETARY OF THE COLLEGE 



EMERSON INSTITUTE 

1740 P Street N. W. 

WASHINGTON D. C. 



Prepares for : 

College 

Professional Schools 

Government Academies 

Civil Service 

Commissions in the Army 

Etc. 

TEN SEPARATE AND 
COIMPLETE COURSES 

63d Year 



Winslow H. Randolph, 

Angus McD. Craw^ford, 

Principals 



116 



The Lake School 

J. W. LAKE, Prin. 

Stenography - - Typewriting 

Day and Evening Classes 

Individual Instruction 

417-418 Southern Building 

Phone M. 7519 for Terms 



High Grade Courses are Given in 

Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping, 

Accounting, Civil Service and 

other Business Subjects at 

Ninth and F Streets, 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Day and Night All the Year. 

Mail Courses to those who cannot attend the School. 
Ask for Free Catalogue. 

117 



Underwood Typewriter 

Has No Rivals in 

SPEED 

AND 

ACCURACY 

It Holds All World's Records in Open 
Competition. 

"THE MACHINE YOU WILL EVENTUALLY BUY" 

UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER COMPANY, INC. 

UNDERWOOD BUILDING NEW YORK 

Branches in all Principal Cities 




The Temple School 

Shorthand and Typewriting 
English and Spelling 

We have special drills for the 
preparation of business office 
work, and for Government en- 
trance examinations. 

You must have a reasonable 
knowledge of English and spell- 
ing before you can enter this 
School. Most stenographers 
fail, not because they cannot be 
taught shorthand and typewrit- 
ing, but because their English is 
faulty. 

The School is in session day 
and night, summer and winter. 

1417 G St., N. W., 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 



VISITORS 
ARE WELCOME 

Our great book store is one 
of the city's points of interest. 

Take time to visit us while 
you are in Washington. 

We'll gladly show you all the 
latest publications and put your 
name on our mailing list for ad- 
vance notices of the new books. 

BRENTANO'S 

F and Twelfth Sts. 



118 



M. A. LEESE OPTICAL CO. 

Makers of Perfect Fitting 

Eye-Glasses and Spectacles 

Special Facilities for Making Glasses 
from Oculists' Prescriptions 

614 9th Street, N. W. 
Photographic Supplies. Washington, D. C. 



Mon Repos Sanitarium 

"""'The s^niuVdum will be specially »m-«i = '<=d,!;y t'd,°oon's%?e'?L""f Trigln" a'd 
rr "Son^^ wmr,',.-rvLt '5a.11'%\'-S'.'4^'.ive''lfvi?,=«';oo°,ririt'^;iTe%l,rosal o< 

lent trained nurses. 

We refer by permission: 

Dr William Gerry Morgan, The Rochambeau. 

Dr" William Earl Clark, The Rochambeau. 

Dr' B Iv Hardin, 1811 Connecticut Avenue. 

Dr" lohn Dunlop, 1217 Connecticut Avenue. 

Dr. "G. Lloyd Magruder, Stoneleigh Court. 

Dr Sotheron Kev 1716 II Street. 

Dr' William MF. Sowers, 1706 Rhode Island Avenue. 

Dr' Z T. Sowers. 1707 Massachusetts Avenue. 

Hon. Frank O. Lowden, Illinois. 

Reach Thompson, Esq., California. 

Thomas J. Ankatell, Esq., Michigan 

John H. Cowles, Esq., Kentucky, 433 Ihiid Stieet, JN. v\ . 



UNITED STATES COLLEGE OF 
VETERINARY SURGEONS 

Washington, D. C. 

Estal)lished in 1894. this College has coiuiiuiously trained young 
men a scientific Veterinarians. It enjoys the numy special edu- 
citonil pri'Xes of the National Capital, has a modern College 
"SS^^^'^^r^^ amphitheatre, newly equipped laboratories and 

large clinics. " t-u,^ Dpant'' 

For Detailed Information, Address 1 he Uean. 



119 




Vacwwm Pumps 
Water Pumps 
Air Pumps 
Compressors 

The behaviour of our pump under hard service has been eminently 
satistactory. 1 he wear which is not automatically compensated for is 
taken up by adjustrng- rod in end of shaft, and pump never need be taken 
apar for adjustment. The pump is valvcless, rotates in cither direction 
and has proved its worth. 

These pumps are made in all sizes. 

May-Nelson Rotary Pump, 

Washington, D. C. 



ii 



For Purity and Wholesomeness 
Insist on 

U/>e VELVET Rind" 

ICE CREAM 



It is Made irk tHe Most Scientific and Sanitar:^ 
Ice Cream Plant in tHe World. 



Chapin-SacRs Manufacturing Co< 

1st and M Streets N, K. 

120 



Carpets Cleaned 

Mattresses Renovated 




Inc. 



Furniture, Brass and 
Iron Beds 

Manufacturers of 

Bedding and Upholstered 
Furniture 

631-639 Mass. Ave., N. W. 

WASHINGTON, - - D. C. 

Phone, Main 3951 



W*B.Moses&Sons 

House Furnishers 

Furniture for every room — 
Rugs, Carpets, Lace Cur- 
tains, Portiers, Wall Papers, 
Deccraticns, Cut Glass, Sil- 
ver Plate, Kitchen Ware, Re- 
frigerators, Baby Carriages. 



F and 11th Streets 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 



1000 ROOMS 



INDESTRUCTIBLE 



Fidelity Storage Company 

1420 U Street, N. W. 



When you have household goods moved or stored you want 
tlie best possible service at the lowest possible cost. Four and one- 
half acres of storage, 1,000 indestructible rooms, vaults for house- 
hold silver, moth-proof rooms, electric carpet cleaning. Our 
trained men pack goods for shipment to any part of the world. 
Only warehouse in the world maintained clear of rats, moth and 
vermin. A word will bring a representative. 



121 



Applet Egg Cold Storage 

In WASHINGTON, D. C. 

THE WASHINGTON MARKET CO.'S 

New Fireproof Cold Storage Warehouse 

Between 11th and 12th and E and F Sts., S. W. 

At Freight Yards of Pennsylvania, Southern and Other Railroads, and 
Close to the River Front, with its Fish Wharves. 



Capacity, 1,000,000 Cubic Feet 
Lowest Insurance Rates in U. S. 

Egg rooms cooled by indirect refrigeration, with constant circulation 

of cold, dry air at a uniform temperature. 

Apple storage facilities ample and unexcelled. 

For Storage Rates and other Information Apply to 

THE WASHINGTON MARKET CO., Washington,D.C. 



KSTARI.ISIIKn lHi)ii 



For aiT\y Purpose 1 

r>*- r^x.- X ANY SIZE 

Of Sk.i\y Object J 

Training, Experience and Judgment with the Best 

Apparatus enable us to Guarantee the 

Finest Possible Results 

Blue Prirkts - w*-^_* 

Postcards LEET BROTHERS 

Supplies 14tK (SL N. Y. Ave. 



122 



G. G. CORNWELL & SON, Inc. 

WASHINGTON'S 

most complete and up-to-date 

GROCERY ESTABLISHMENT 

Table Luxuries— Wines— Liquors— Cigars 

Whoi|tr'^ 1415 H Street 



1913. 



'■"hitr^^ Riggs Market Co. s^^l^^s. 

P STREET, BETWEEN FOURTEENTH AND FIFTEENTH STS. 

The Rigg's Market Company begs to announce to the general public 
its 36th anniversary of successful business. For 26 years it has been under 
the present management and a good many of its original dealers still main- 
tain stands in the market. It is known throughout the United States and 
Foreign Countries, due to the fact that it has and still continues to enjoy 
the patronage of representatives of Foreign Countries, as well as many ot 
our own statesmen. It is one of the leading markets of this city, simply 
because its prices are consistent with the quality of goods sold therein. 



M. C. MITCHELL, Pres. and Treas. 



C. G. DAVIS. Secretab> 



The M. C. Mitchell Co., Inc. 

Wholesale TIN PLATE and Metals 

Manufacturers and Jobbers of Metal Roofirjj Supplies. 

3237-39 K Street N W. Washington, d. c. 



123 



"We Pay the Parcel Post" 



THe Best SHoes 

In WasHington 

Are Shown at Popular Prices 
and in Immense Variety at 

WM. HAHN &t CO/S 



rCor. 7th and K Sts. 
Three Reliable Shoe Houses J 1914-1916 Pa. Ave. 

L233 Pa. Ave., S. E. 



F. J. Heiberger & Son (Inc.) 

ARMY AND NAVY MERCHANT TAILORS 



Caps, EcfuipmentSy Uniforms 



1419 F STREET, WASHINGTON, D. C. 



National 

Eledrical Supply 

Company 

Special Service for 
Indu^rial Plants 

Cee Page 107. 



PATENTS 



SECURED OR FEE 
RETURNED. Send 
sketch for free search of Patent Office 
Records, HOW TO OBTAIN A PAT- 
ENT and WHAT TO INVENT, with 
List of Inventions Wanted and Prizes 
offered for invention — sent 
free. PATENTS AD- PRFF 

VERTISED. I IlLL 

WANTED— NEW IDEAS. 
Send for our list of Patent Buyers. 

VICTOR J. EVANS & CO., 
Washington. D. C. 



\24 



FAMILY SHOE STORE 



SHOES AND HOSIERY 



JOS. STRASBURGER CO 

310-312 Seventh Street N. W., 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 



WASHINGTON, D. C. 

TJie Leading Men's and Boys' Outfitters 
of the National Capital. At your service 
in person or hy mail. 



Washington's 

Leading Jewelry 

Store 

for more than a generation 



Diamond Importers 
Manufacturing Jewellers 
Silversmiths, ClocRs 
Watches, Cut Glass, Etc. 



li. MAKI2IS & CO. 

7TH AND D STREETS, N. W. 



Hmerican Hubit 
(rompan>2 

F. W. LaFrentz, C. P. A. (N. Y.) 

President 

Theo. Cocheu, Jr., C.P.A. (N.Y.) 

Vice-Pres. and Sec'y 

A. F. LaFrentz 

Treasurer 

Home Office, 100 Broadway, N. Y. 

BRANCHES: 

Atlanta New Orleans 

Baltimore Philadelphia 

Boston Richmond 

Chicago San Francisco 

Milwaukee London, E. C. 

Colorado Building, 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Otto Luebkert, 

Resident Vice-President. 

Tel., Main 2705. 



125 



Parker, Bridget & Co. 

The Nationally Kjiown Store for Men 
and Little Men 

The Avenue at Ninth 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 




The Womex^s Store 
^e Store tHat is Different 

The Women's Store appeals to all the women. It 

shows styles that are in advance of the season. 

It quotes prices that are always low^est. 

All the details in Women's and 

Misses' Garments carefully 

considered. 

THESE ARE THE REASONS WE HAVE WON POPULAR 

FAVOR 

126 



Flowers for 
All Occasions 

— Gude's choice home-grown flowers 
last longest because they are practi 
cally fresh cut when ordered. 

Artistic floral decorations and floral 
tokens that are both expressive and 
inexpensive. 

Prize Winning AMERICAN BEAUTIES 



Gude Bros. Co. 

1214 F Street 



Phones Main | ^279 



127 



tyr~- 



NEW 
MODERN 



»'*\^ VMi|l»w>w.> ^ lJ » if i : i ri Jj il »mnii ii .n,. n "miyt^ /fgl^iM^ iiMmM M < urmm'.u[j.rrri i u «> i ii n i mM nT i r, . 1 • •,.>0 < '%m 

WASHINGTON, D. C. • 

HOTEL DRISCOLL 

Facing thi: U. S. Capitol and Grounds 




HOTEL DRISCOLL— First and B Sts. N. W. 



A High-Class Hotel 
Faces U. S. Capitol 
Near Union Station 
Baths Gratis 

Long Distance Telephone 
Music 
Write for Booklet and Map 



Amidst Show Places 
Electric Lights and Elevator 
American Plan from $2.50 
European Plan from $1.00 
Private Garage 

F. P. ORBELLO, Manager. 



WASHINGTON (D. C.) SANITARIUM 

An attractive health resort, seven miles from the capitol. Diseases 
treated : digestive disorders, rheumatic and gouty conditions, nervous and 
circulatory disturbances. The methods employed are the most modern and 
approved. The appliances are up to date. Baths, electricity, and diet are 
largely depended upon. In the surgical line we are well prepared, having 
a good operating-room and equipment. Competent physicians and nurses are 
employed to care for cases. Send for Prospectus to the 

WASHINGTON (D. C.) SANITARIUM 

'Phone Takoma 127. Takoma Park, WASHINGTON, D. C. 




The Hamilton 

14th and K Streets N. W. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 

A select Family and Transient Hotel 
where you can feel at home. Choice 
location opposite Franklin Park. 
Convenient to all public buildings 
and points of interest. Thoroughly 
comfortable. Good table. American 
plan. Rates, $2.50 per day and up. 
For further particulars. Booklet, 
etc., address 
IRVINCi O. IIAT^I^. Pkofrii:tok 



128 



H Street, Northwest, at Fifteenth 

WASHINGTON 

European Plan Fireproof 



Beautifully located in the center of the finest part of the 
city, one block from the Treasury and White House grounds. 
Convenient to all points of interest 



Cuisine and Service Unsurpassed 



ROBERT S. DOWNS, Manager 



The Dewey Hotel 

It is located in the most fashionable part of the city, but five minutes' walk to the 
White House, U. S. Treasury, State, War and Navy Building and the shopping 
district. 

THE DEWEY HOTEL is a modern structure. Entire house heated by steam. 
Electric elevator. Bedrooms are large and well furnished. 

WHY NOT stop at a modern high-grade Hotel, where it costs no more? 

WHY NOT be out of the dirt, smoke and noise, if you reach centre of busi- 
ness, shopping department and amusement district in five minutes by car from our 
Hotel. 

WHY NOT stop where the environments are refined, dignified and enjoyable, 
and where ladies, as well as gentlemen, feel at home? 

FINALLY, why not stop where you receive the best of everything at prices not 
exorbitant, and where the cuisine and service have an established reputation for 
excellence? j 

There are 140 rooms, with 52 private bathrooms. American plan. Rates $3.50 
per day and up; $17.50 per week and up. 

Personal inquiry and an inspection of the Hotel is cordially invited. 

Fourteenth & L Streets, N. W. 

W. W. BROWN, Proprietor GEO R. MILLS, Manager 

129 



The Florida Inn 

726 17th St. N. W. 



Phone Main 5800 

Centrally Located Being But Two 
Blocks From 

THE WHITE HOUSE 

THE CORCORAN ART GALLERY 

THE D. A. R. BUILDING AND 

THE BELASCO THEATRE 

Conviently accessible from the Shop- 
ping District and Union Railway Sta- 
tion makes it a desirable place to 
breakfast, lunch or dine. 

Quick service, excellent food care- 
fully prepared at reasonable prices. 

Its peculiar home-like arrangement 
makes it very popular with ladies 
visiting the city alone. 

Tasty picnic luncheons prepared on 
short notice. 

JOHN W. WELCH, Proprietor. 



TH E N EW^ELI. 

9 and 11 B Street, N. W. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 
Telephone, Lincoln 3231 

Conveniently located. Only 
five minutes' walk from the 
Washington Union Station, and 
directly opposite the beautiful 
Capitol Grounds. Anyone visit- 
ing Washington will find "The 
Newell" an attractive home for 
a long or short stay. 

"The Newell'^ is well fur- 
nished, equipped with all modern 
conveniences, and conducted in 
a manner to give its patrons the 
Utmost comfort at moderate 
charges. 

Newly Furnished, Superior 
Table, Comfortable and Home- 
like, Excellent Appointments, 
Cuisine and Service. 
For Pamphlets and Rates address 
JOHN W. WELCH 

"The Nev^rell," 9 B Street, N. W. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Telephone, Lincoln 3231 



American Plan 



Rates Moderate 



FIRST CLASS MODERN HOTEL 



THE NEW BANCROFT 

Corner 18th and H Streets N. W. 

Near White House, War, State, Navy and Treasury Depts. 
Rooms Single or En Suite, With or Without Private Baths 

E. C. BENSON WASHINGTON, D. C. 

The Buckingham Hotel 

Location is important in choosing your hotel for a stay in 
Washington. 

The Buckingham is on the West side of McPherson Park, tAVO 
blocks from the Executive Mansion, the Treasury and the State, War 
and Navy Buildings. 

Desirable rooms in reserve for transits. Ladies traveling alone 
can find no more thoroughly agreeable stopping place. 

American Plan— $2.50, $3.00 and $4.00 a day. 
A. L. BLISS— Owner and Proprietor 



130 



WINSTON HOTEL 

First Street and Penn. Ave. N. "W. 
'WasHing'ton, D. C. 

Overlooking Capitol Park at the west entrance; 
Within two minutes' walk from the Botanical Gardens; 
Five minutes by direct car line from Union Station via 
Penn. Avenue and 14th Street cars. 

100 rooms; 50 baths, all with shower attachment; two 
public baths in each hall for the free use of guests oc- 
cupying rooms without bath. 

American Plan $3. GO and \ip. 
£\iropean Plan $1.00 and \ip. 

HOWARD J. SPATES, Manager. Formerly with Haddon Hall, Atlantic 
City, N. J., for twelve years. 

Our Motto: "Fair and Liberal Treatment." 




131 



STATUE OF COLUMBUS AT UNION STATION ENTRANCE. 




Hotel Fritz Reuter 

HENRY ACHTERKIRCHEN, Proprietor. 



WASHINGTON, D.C. EUROPEAN 



HENRY ACHTERKIRCHEN 
PROPRIETOR 



WASHINGTON'SfONLY GERMAN HOSTELRY 

All Outside Rooms Banquet Hall 

Steam Heat and Electric Light Private Dining Rcoms 

Running Hot and Ccld Water Rathskeller 

Telephone and Private Bath and Bar 

4^2 Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, WASHINGTON, D. C. 



11 



THE" SEA FOOD HOUSE BUECHER & PFAFF, PROPRIETORS 

HOTEL ENGLE 

N. J. Ave. ^ C N. W. 

EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN PLAN 



ACCOMMODATIONS FOR TRANSIENT AND PERMANENT 

ROOMERS 



132 



Phone Main 1950 



Steam Heat and 
Bell Service 



THe Ardtnore 

13tK St., Bet^veen Pa. Ave. and F St. N. W, 
MTASHINGTON, D. C. 

Located in Heart of City — Convenient to all Points of Interest. 

European Plan $1.00 per day American Plan $2.00 per day 

Special Rates by the Week 

Take Mt. Pleasant car from Union Station to 13th and F Streets N. W. 
F. C. JACKSON, Prop. 



Hotel Logan 

Iowa Circle 

Cor. 13th St., N. W. 

Moderate Charges. 

An exceptionally located and 
thoroughly equipped Hotel, appeal- 
ing especially to the refined of taste. 
It enjoys the quiet and beauty of 
Iowa Circle, N. W., one of the 
prettiest parks in Washington. It 
is within a two-minute walk of both 
14th and 11th Streets at Rhode 
Island Avenue, where car lines lead 
quickly and directly to the Railroad 
Station and all points of interest. Its 
rooms are large, light and elegantly 
furnished. Its sanitation is new 
and up-to-date. Its cuisine is the 
painstaking result of years of ex- 
perience in the service of culti- 
vated people. Here may be found 
the privacy of a home joined with 
the best advantages of hotel life. 

WILLIAM CATTO, Prop. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 



The Hotel Sterling 

Thirteenth Street. Pennsylvania Avenue 
and E Street, N. W. 



Ill tlie heart of the business center 
of the city, commanding an excellent 
view of Pennsylvania Avenue for two 
blocks and near all the Theatres. 

The hotel is newly renovated and re- 
furnished throughout ; up to date in 
every respect, each room containing 
steam heat, hot and cold running water 
and telephone. 

The rates are most moderate, ranging 
in price from $1.50 per day upwards, 
with private bath $2.00 per day and 
upwards. 

HENRY LATTERNER, 

MANAGER. 



133 



732 15th Street, N. W. 

1307 F Street, N. W. 

822 Connecticut A.ve. 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Te^ Ctisp Hnia 
Bussiness 



Open from 8 A. M. to 8 P. M. 

FOR 

BreaKfast 
L-uncHeon 
and Dinner 



Sandwiches and Luncheons 
Put up to Order 



Meals a la Carte 
at <'il Hours 



Special Neon Lunch 
12 to 2 



The Wilson Cafe 

611 Twelfth Street, N. W. 
HUGH W. FRED, Proprietor 

Club Breakfast 6.30 to 10.30. 
Sunday? to 12 

Table d'Hote Dinner 4 ti 8. Sunday 12 to 8 




u3iraTtonsin 



ihib publtcaiton were 
enqraved by 

lofieJllaunce^o^ce 
Engraving (Company 



THK LIXCOLX HOTEL 

IOth a>u H Streets N. W. 

All outside rooms ; most rooms have running hot and cold water, and 
large rooms have private bath in room. We pay particular attention to 
our table service. 

American Plan, $2 to $2.50 Per Day European Plan, $1 to $2 Per Day 

Very quiet location, but within one square of the heart of the busi- 
ness section. Take taxicab at our expense ; have driver collect at hotel 

office. C. S. HYATT PhonetMain 3465-3466 




134 



Bquitable 

%itc Ifnsurance 

Company 



INDUSTRIAL AND ORDINARY 



All Forms and Features of Modern 

Insurance 



Paid for Insurance December 31, 1912 
$5,956,572 



J. S. SWORMSTEDT, President. 
HENRY P. BLAIR, First Vice-President. 
WILLIAM A. BENNETT, Second Vice-President. 
ALLEN C. CLARK, Secretary. 
GILBERT A. CLARK, Actuary. 
MAURICE D. ROSENBERG, Counsel. 



Office: 
Equitable Building 816 14th Street N. W. 



WASHINGTON, D. C. 

135 



First National Fire Insurance Company 

of the United States 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Assets. 

Mortgage loans, first liens $143,850 . 00 

Cash in Bank and Office 159,740.54 

Real Estate 345,181 . 55 

Accounts Receivable 6,400 . 66 

Accrued Interest and Rents 13,353.95 

Bonds — Market Value 

State and Municipal $ 95,375 . 00 

U. S. Government 101,200.00 

Railroad 60,100.00 

Industrial 44,175 . 00 

300,850.00 

Total $969,376.70 

Liabilities. 

Reserve for Fire Losses $ 162.50 

Unearned Premium Reserve . •. 6,909 . 25 

Accrued Interest and Taxes 8,102.87 

Miscellaneous Liabilities 1,735 . 21 

Capital Stock fully paid up $320,675 . 00 

Capital Stock partially paid up 167,612 , 50 

Surplus over all liabilities 464,179.37 

Surplus as regards Policy holders 952,466.87 

Total $969,376.70 

I hereby certify that I have made an examination of the books and 

accounts of the First National Fire Insurance Company of the 

District of Columbia as and of December 31, 1912, and the above 

statement is a true statement of the condition of the Company as and 

of that date. 

S. H. WOLFE, 

Consulting Actuary. 
OFFICERS. 

Hon. ROBERT J. WYNNE, President. 
Hon. FRED. T. DuBOIS, Vice-President. 
F. S. DUDLEY, Vice-President. 

ROBERT R. TUTTLE, 3d Vice-President. 
S. J. JOHNSON, Secretary. 

CHARLES F. CARUSL General Counsel 

136 



Commercial Fire Insurance Company 

of the District of Columbia 
Washington, D« C. 

Assets. 

Mortage loans, first liens .- $217,900.00 

Cash in Bank and Office 70,323 . 46 

Real Estate 350,000.00 

Accounts Receivable 75,173 . 55 

Accrued Interest and Rents 15,011.84 

Bonds — Market Value. 

State and Municipal $100,752.50 

Railroad 92,152.50 

Industrial 4,437 . 50 

197,342.50 
Total $925,751.35 

Liabilities. 

Reserve for Fire Losses $ 40,228.91 

Unearned Premium Reserve 165,550. 43 

Accrued Interest and Taxes 12,957.80 

Miscellaneous Liabilities 2,833.84 

Capital Stock fully paid up $430.790 . 00 

Capital Stock partially up 29,829 . 41 

Surplus over all liabilities 243,559.96 

Surplus as regards policy holders 704,179.37 

Total $925,751.35 

I hereby certify that I have made an examination of the books and 
accounts of the Commercial Fire Insurance Company of the District 
of Columbia as and of December 31, 1912, and the above statement is 
a true statement of the condition of the Company as and of that date. 

S. H. WOLFE, 

Consulting Actuary. 

OFFICERS. 

ROBERT R. TUTTLE, President 
Hon. ASHLEY M. GOULD, Vice-President 

FREDERICK S. DUDLEY, Second Vice-President. 
PAUL F. GROVE, Secretary. 

JOHN McKEE, Asst. Secretary. 

CHARLES F. CARUSI, General Counsel. 

In picking a Fire Insurance Company to protect your property, 
pick the Commercial. 

The Commercial is 22 years old — a strong Company to insure in 
and a prompt one in the settlement of claims. 

137 



THE REAL ESTATE TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY 
THE COLUMBIA TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY 

N. W. CORNER Fifth and E Streets, N. W. 



CAPITAL S350,000. 



Transacts all business relating to tHe in- 
vestigation and transfer of Titles to Real 
Estate in tHe District of Columbia. 



The 

People's Mutual 

Benefit 

Insurance Co. 



INSURES ALL 
MEMBERS OF 
THE FAMILY 



HEALTH ACCIDENT 
DEATH 



Main Office: 

PEOPLE'S LIFE BLDG., 

518-20 Sixth St., N. W., 
WASHINGTON, - D. C. 



YOU NEED 
PROTECTION! 



The Home Life New Policy 
will give you the best for the 
money. 

See 

JAMES LEE BOST 

General Agent 

HOME LIFE BLDG.. 
15th and G 



138 



INVESTMENTS MADE FOR CUSTOMERS 




Travelers' Checks and Letters of 
Credit available the world over. 
Exchange on all principal cities. 
Cable and Telegraphic Transfers. 

The 

Riggs National 
Bank 



of Washington, D. C. 



Capital, 
Surplus, 



$1,000,000 
$2,000,000 



district Battonal Bank 

1406 G Street N. W. 

Ui\excelled facilities for trai\sactii\g banK- 
ing in all its brancHes. 



Safe Deposit Department 



Foreign Exchange 



Your Account Invited 



ROBERT N. HARPER. Pres. 



EDMUND S. WOLFE. CASHIER 



139 



Capital One Million Dollars 



Surplus One Hundred Thousand Dollars 



Continental Tru^ Company 

Operated under supervision of the United States Treasury DeDartment 

WASHINGTON, D. C. cparrmcni 

Invites the accounts and renders its clients the highest type of punctual 
and accurate individual, commercial and savings bank service- pays 
3 per cent on mmimum monthly balances, compounded twice annuallv 

NATHAN B. SCOTT, President. annually. 

CHAS. W. WARDEN, First Vice-President 

WM. T. GALLIHER, Vice-President. 

BATES WARREN, Vice-President 

CHARLES A. DOUGLAS, Counsel. 
FRANK S. BRIGHT, Trust Officer and Secretary 



Union Savings Bank 

710 14th Street N. W. 
Established 1891 



COMMERCIAL ACCOUNTS 
Three Per Cent. Interest on Savings 
Accounts. 



Regular Hours: 9 A. M. to 3 P. M. 

THE BANK MAKES MONEY ON 
DEPOSITS— WHY NOT GET 
YOUR SHARE OF THE 
PROFITS ? 



OFFICERS: 
E. SOUTHARD PARKER, President 
S. W. WOODWARD, Vice-President 
M. A. WINTER, Vice-President and 

Chairman Executive Committee. 
C. L. BOWMAN, Cashier 
W. REGINALD LEWIS, Ass"t Cashier 

DIRECTORS: 
H. B. Denham R. L. Montague 

Victor J. Evans B. W. Parker 

Max Fischer E. Southland Parker 

James Lansburgh Tos. E- Ralph 
Wilton J. Lambert A. E. Randle 
A. E. L. Leckie M. A. Winter 

A. D. Loffler S. W. Woodward 

Frank P. Milburn 



The Safest Investments 

Are those that do not fluctu- 
ate during disturbed condi- 
tions of the money or stock 
market. First deeds of trust 
notes (first mortgages), well 
secured on real estate in the 
District of Columbia, consti- 
tute "gilt-edge" investments. 
They do not depend upon the 
financial responsibility of indi- 
viduals or corporations for 
their stability, and are exempt 
from taxation as personal 
property. We can supply such 
investments in amounts from 
$500 upward. Send for Book- 
let, "Concerning Loans and 
Investments." 

SWARTZELL, RHEEM & 
HENSEY CO. 

727 Fifteenth Street, N. W. 



Security Savings and Commercial Bank 

N. E. Cor. Ninth and G Streets 



OFFICERS 



DIRECTORS 



JULIUS I. PEYSER 
GEO. R. LINKINS . 
FRED McKEE . . 
JOHN H. BALTZ 
WILLIAM R. BAUM 
CHAS. W. DARR . 



President 

Vice-President 

Vice-President 

Cashier 

Asst. Cashier 

Gen. Counsel 



John H. Carter 
Charles W. Darr 
Louis A. Dent 
D. A. Edwards 
J. T. Hendrick 
George H. Judd 
Julius I. Peyser 



A. D. Prince 
George R. Linkins 
C. J. Langmead 
Wm. H. Linkins 
Fred McKee 
T. A. McKee 



140 



The Oldest Savings Institution in the District of Columbia. 

National Waitings attb ©rust Olnntpan^ 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

CAPITAL, ----- $1,000,000 
UNDIVIDED PROFITS OVER - 1,000,000 

Incorporated by Special Act of Congress, January 22, 1867 
Reorganized under Act of Congress, October 1, 1890. 

OFFICERS 
WILLIAM D. HOOVER, President. 
WOODBURY BLAIR, 1st Vice-President. 
FRANK W. STONE, 2d Vice-President. 
GEORGE HOWARD, Treasurer. 
CHARLES E. NYMAN, Secretary. 
CHARLES C. LAMBORN, Assistant Treasurer. 
FRANK STETSON, Assistant Trust Officer. 
DIRECTORS. 

Woodbury Blair George W. Gray Samuel Maddox 

S. Thomas Brown William D. Hoover William F. Quicksall 

James A. Buchanan Reginald S. Huidekoper Frank W. Stone 

William A. H. Church Thomas R. Jones William H. Walker 

Walter C. Clephane O. H. P. Johnson John L. Weaver 

William V. Cox Victor Kauffmann Henry K. Willard 

Wm. E. Edmonston Edward McLean 



The Riggs Building 

15th and G Sts., Northwest 



''The Finest Office Building in Washington. 



»> 



This splendid new^ office structure located in the heart of 
Washington's financial district should commend itself to those 
who desire office rooms of the most modern type. 

For Offices Apply, 

National Savings and Trust Company 

15th and N. Y. Ave. 

141 



Washington and Southern Bank 

1413 G Street N. W. 

Under U. S. Government Supervision 
WE INVITE BUSINESS AND PERSONAL ACCOUNTS 

Branch Office: No. 1 Wholesale Row, Center Market 
Investments a special feature 2^% en checking accounts 

Foreign Exchange 3% on savings accounts 

Certificates of Deposit issued for Time Money payable to either 

or survivor 
J. SELWIN TAIT, President. 

Special Ladies' Department Interest Paid on Checking Accounts 

American Security & Trust Co* 

Fifteenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue Nortliwest 

Careful and Courteous Attention given to all matters pertaining to 

Investments and Banking. 

CHARLES J. BELL, President 

The Commercial National Bank 

WASHINGTON, D, C. 

THE BANK OF PERSONAL SERVICE. 

CAPITAL STOCK, $750,000; SURPLUS AND UNDIVIDED PROFITS, $500,000; 

DEPOSITS OVER $5,000,000. 

OFFICERS 
ASHTON G. CLAPHAM, President. 
ELDRIDGE E. JORDAN, V.-Pres. TUCKER K. SANDS, V.-Pres.. and Cashier. 
ARTHUR LEE, V.-Pres. F. E. GHISELLI, Assistant Cashier. 

JAMES A. CAHILL, V.-Pres. HERBERT V. HUNT. Assistant Cashier. 

The Mercantile Co-operative Bank 

lOth and Grant Place N. W. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 

An industrial loan and savings institution organized to 
provide low rate moderate loans and discounts to select 
salaried risks not enjoyed the usual bank connections. 

Capital and Surplus .... $130,000.00 

J. D. LEONARD, President. 

142 



ORGANIZED 1903 



The American National 
Bank of Washington 



Capital and Undivided Profits - - - $859,402 
Resources Over $4,331,171 



W. T. GALLIHER, President 

C. H. LIVINGSTONE, First Vice-President 

DAVIS ELKINS, Second Vice-President 

WILLIAM SELBY, Cashier 

Assistant Cashiers 
A. C. WEST, E. T. LOVE, J. W. WILLIAMS 



"The Bank of Mutual Advantage" 



Conservative 

Real E^ate 

Investments 



IN THE 



Nation's Capital 



Send for Booklet 



SHANNON &LUCHS 

Washington, D. C. 



THOMAS W. SMITH 



|[;umb^r iMgrft?ant 



Sash, Doors, Blinds, Glass and Mill Work 



Office, 1st St. and Indiana Ave. N. W. 
Mill, 1st and O Streets S. E. 
Wharf, Eastern Branch 

143 



Washington, D. C. 



Massachusetts 
Avenue Heights 

"THE BEST BUY IN WASHINGTON" 



An Addition to the 

Sheridan Circle Development 

but at Suburban Prices 



We have had prepared an illustrated booklet "Story of 
the Heights." vvliich has been pronounced by experts the 
finest thing of its kind ever gotten out in Washington. Let 
us send you a copy. 



THOMAS J. FISHER & CO., Inc. 

General Sales Agents 

American Security & Trust Co. 

Amos H. Plumb, Trustees 738 15th St. N.W. 



144 



98 



TRUTH Q® 



WITH 



PRBS 



I MaI 



IT 



IT*S THl Tl^PTH TBAT ITS QUALITY ABD CPBIFORBITT 

IS QyAiAiTiis. 

IT^S Til TPiPlH THAT ITS PURITY Ikm IWiHTY PER 
mm aRlATlK STRi^tfEl is iHdilSTIdliiP. 

IT^S TMl TRPTM TH^T Qm BlLI¥iiY SYSTIH, FAC- 
TORY TO lAOiY, IS AiSOLiTlLY DiPiBPAiLi. THE 
LARGEST iAKliS IH Til WORLD RiLY Wm OUR YiAST 
SUPPLIiS. 

IT^S TM TRPTM that ROT mu OF OUR BARY 0US- 
TOESiRS WOyLD @G iAOK T@ THi OLD WAY Of RIGilYISe 
YiAST, WITH ITS C!£i01^TAIII AiE MQ STREHaTH. 

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